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A Power Flow Control Strategy for Hybrid Control Architecture of DC Microgrid under Unreliable Grid Connection Considering Electricity Price Constraint

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  • Faris Adnan Padhilah

    (Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Research Center for Electrical and Information Technology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Korea)

  • Kyeong-Hwa Kim

    (Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Research Center for Electrical and Information Technology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Korea)

Abstract

This paper presents a power flow control strategy for a hybrid control architecture of the DC microgrid (DCMG) system under an unreliable grid connection considering the constraint of electricity price. To overcome the limitation of the existing schemes, a hybrid control architecture which combines the centralized control and distributed control is applied to control DCMG. By using the hybrid control approach, a more optimal and reliable DCMG system can be constructed even though a fault occurs in the grid or a central controller (CC). The power flow control strategy for the hybrid DCMG control architecture also takes the constraint of electricity price into account for the purpose of minimizing the electricity cost. In the proposed hybrid control, the high bandwidth communication (HBC) link is used in the centralized control to connect the CC with DCMG power agents. On the other hand, the low bandwidth communication (LBC) link is employed to constitute the distributed control. A small size of data is used to exchange the information fast between the agents and CC, or between each agent and its neighbors, which increases the reliability and robustness of the DCMG system in case of a fault in the communication link of the centralized control. A DCMG system with 400-V rated DC-link voltage which consists of a wind power agent, a battery agent, a grid agent, a load agent, and a CC is constructed in this study by using three power converters based on 32-bit floating point digital signal processor (DSP) TMS320F28335 controller. Various simulation and experimental results prove that the proposed scheme improves the system stability and robustness even in the presence of a fault in the communication link of the centralized control. In addition, the proposed scheme is capable of maintaining the DC-link voltage stably at the nominal value without severe transients both in the centralized control and distributed control, as well as both in the grid-connected case and islanded case. Finally, the scalability of the DCMG system is tested by adding and removing additional wind power agent and battery agent during a certain period.

Suggested Citation

  • Faris Adnan Padhilah & Kyeong-Hwa Kim, 2020. "A Power Flow Control Strategy for Hybrid Control Architecture of DC Microgrid under Unreliable Grid Connection Considering Electricity Price Constraint," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-28, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:18:p:7628-:d:414258
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Seung-Jin Yoon & Ngoc Bao Lai & Kyeong-Hwa Kim, 2018. "A Systematic Controller Design for a Grid-Connected Inverter with LCL Filter Using a Discrete-Time Integral State Feedback Control and State Observer," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-20, February.
    2. Rizka Bimarta & Thuy Vi Tran & Kyeong-Hwa Kim, 2018. "Frequency-Adaptive Current Controller Design Based on LQR State Feedback Control for a Grid-Connected Inverter under Distorted Grid," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-29, October.
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    5. Thanh Van Nguyen & Kyeong-Hwa Kim, 2019. "Power Flow Control Strategy and Reliable DC-Link Voltage Restoration for DC Microgrid under Grid Fault Conditions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(14), pages 1-27, July.
    6. Danny Espín-Sarzosa & Rodrigo Palma-Behnke & Oscar Núñez-Mata, 2020. "Energy Management Systems for Microgrids: Main Existing Trends in Centralized Control Architectures," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-32, January.
    7. Wu, Xiaohua & Hu, Xiaosong & Yin, Xiaofeng & Zhang, Caiping & Qian, Shide, 2017. "Optimal battery sizing of smart home via convex programming," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 140(P1), pages 444-453.
    8. Thuy Vi Tran & Seung-Jin Yoon & Kyeong-Hwa Kim, 2018. "An LQR-Based Controller Design for an LCL-Filtered Grid-Connected Inverter in Discrete-Time State-Space under Distorted Grid Environment," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-28, August.
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    Cited by:

    1. Faris Adnan Padhilah & Kyeong-Hwa Kim, 2021. "A Centralized Power Flow Control Scheme of EV-Connected DC Microgrid to Satisfy Multi-Objective Problems under Several Constraints," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-37, August.
    2. Al Faris Habibullah & Faris Adnan Padhilah & Kyeong-Hwa Kim, 2021. "Decentralized Control of DC Microgrid Based on Droop and Voltage Controls with Electricity Price Consideration," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-29, October.
    3. Al Faris Habibullah & Seung-Jin Yoon & Thuy Vi Tran & Yubin Kim & Dat Thanh Tran & Kyeong-Hwa Kim, 2022. "The Recent Development of Power Electronics and AC Machine Drive Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-8, October.
    4. Dat Thanh Tran & Al Faris Habibullah & Kyeong-Hwa Kim, 2022. "Seamless Power Management for a Distributed DC Microgrid with Minimum Communication Links under Transmission Time Delays," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-29, November.
    5. Muhammad Alif Miraj Jabbar & Dat Thanh Tran & Kyeong-Hwa Kim, 2023. "Decentralized Power Flow Control Strategy Using Transition Operations of DC-Bus Voltage for Detection of Uncertain DC Microgrid Operations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-33, July.

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