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Bike Share Equity for Underrepresented Groups: Analyzing Barriers to System Usage in Baltimore, Maryland

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  • Susan Hull Grasso

    (Institute for Public Administration, Biden School of Public Policy and Administration, University of Delaware, Newark, NJ 19716, USA)

  • Philip Barnes

    (Institute for Public Administration, Biden School of Public Policy and Administration, University of Delaware, Newark, NJ 19716, USA)

  • Celeste Chavis

    (Department of Transportation & Urban Infrastructure Studies, School of Engineering, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA)

Abstract

Bike share systems are a standard feature of the urban mobility ecosystem but they have received criticism for serving a narrow demographic band of residents and visitors while underrepresenting others. This analysis employed Chi-square and multivariate linear regression analyses to understand effect sizes associated with how various demographic groups in Baltimore, MD perceive barriers to utilizing the city’s new Baltimore Bike Share (BBS) system. The analysis revealed that people of color, Hispanics, the less-educated, females, low income earners, and the unemployed are underrepresented in system membership. Regression analysis of non-user survey data suggested that nonwhite individuals are associated with a moderate increase in perceiving BBS to be challenging when riding with children or cargo. Being female is associated with concerns about system use, the ability to ride comfortably, maintaining personal hygiene, being a victim of crime or harassment, and an overall lack of interest in biking in Baltimore. Identifying as having low income or less education was not observed to be associated with any of the barrier conditions examined in this study. These findings can be leveraged to develop programs and policies to improve participation rates within underrepresented groups and enhance system equity.

Suggested Citation

  • Susan Hull Grasso & Philip Barnes & Celeste Chavis, 2020. "Bike Share Equity for Underrepresented Groups: Analyzing Barriers to System Usage in Baltimore, Maryland," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-17, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:18:p:7600-:d:413870
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Goodman, Anna & Cheshire, James, 2014. "Inequalities in the London bicycle sharing system revisited: impacts of extending the scheme to poorer areas but then doubling prices," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 272-279.
    2. Ainhoa Serna & Tomas Ruiz & Jon Kepa Gerrikagoitia & Rosa Arroyo, 2019. "Identification of Enablers and Barriers for Public Bike Share System Adoption using Social Media and Statistical Models," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(22), pages 1-21, November.
    3. Shaheen, Susan PhD & Cohen, Adam & Martin, Elliot PhD, 2013. "Public Bikesharing in North America: Early Operator Understanding and Emerging Trends," Institute of Transportation Studies, Research Reports, Working Papers, Proceedings qt1x26m6z7, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Berkeley.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Dehdari Ebrahimi, Zhila & Momenitabar, Mohsen & Nasri, Arefeh A. & Mattson, Jeremy, 2022. "Using a GIS-based spatial approach to determine the optimal locations of bikeshare stations: The case of Washington D.C," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 48-60.
    3. Jin, Scarlett T. & Sui, Daniel Z., 2024. "Bikesharing and equity: A nationwide study of bikesharing accessibility in the U.S," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 181(C).
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    5. Xu Zhao & Jie Zhang & Ning Zhang & Yiik Diew Wong & Yufang Zhou & Meng Meng, 2021. "A GIS-CA Model for Planning Bikeways upon the Footpath Network," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-11, August.

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