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Development of Driving Cycle Construction for Hybrid Electric Bus: A Case Study in Zhengzhou, China

Author

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  • Jiankun Peng

    (School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China)

  • Jiwan Jiang

    (School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China)

  • Fan Ding

    (School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China)

  • Huachun Tan

    (School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China)

Abstract

A driving cycle is important to accomplish an accurate depiction of a vehicle’s driving characteristics as the traction motor’s flexible response to stop and start commands. In this paper, the driving cycle construction of an urban hybrid electric bus (HEB) in Zhengzhou, China is developed in which a measurement system integrating global positioning and inertial navigation function is used to acquire driving data. The collected data are then divided into acceleration, deceleration, uniform, and stop fragments. Meanwhile, the velocity fragments are classified into seven state clusters according to their average velocities. A transfer matrix applied to reveal the transfer relationship of velocity clusters can be obtained with statistical analysis. In the third stage, a three-part construction method of driving cycle is designed. Firstly, according to the theory of Markov chain, all the alternative parts that satisfy the construction’s precondition are selected based on the transfer matrix and Monte Carlo method. The Zhengzhou urban driving cycle (ZZUDC) could be determined by comparing the performance measure (PM) values subsequently. Eventually, the method and the cycle are validated by the high correlation coefficient (0.9972) with original data of ZZUDC than that of the other driving cycle (0.9746) constructed with traditional micro-trip and as well by comparing several statistical characteristics of ZZUDC and seven international cycles. Particularly, with around 20.5 L/100 km fuel and approximately 12.8 kwh/100 km electricity consumption, there is a narrow gap between the energy consumption of ZZUDC and WVUCITY, and their characteristics are similar.

Suggested Citation

  • Jiankun Peng & Jiwan Jiang & Fan Ding & Huachun Tan, 2020. "Development of Driving Cycle Construction for Hybrid Electric Bus: A Case Study in Zhengzhou, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-19, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:17:p:7188-:d:408113
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jiankun Peng & Hao Fan & Hongwen He & Deng Pan, 2015. "A Rule-Based Energy Management Strategy for a Plug-in Hybrid School Bus Based on a Controller Area Network Bus," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(6), pages 1-21, June.
    2. Jie Lin & Debbie A. Niemeier, 2003. "Estimating Regional Air Quality Vehicle Emission Inventories: Constructing Robust Driving Cycles," Transportation Science, INFORMS, vol. 37(3), pages 330-346, August.
    3. Peng, Jiankun & He, Hongwen & Xiong, Rui, 2017. "Rule based energy management strategy for a series–parallel plug-in hybrid electric bus optimized by dynamic programming," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(P2), pages 1633-1643.
    4. Pang, W. K. & Yang, Z. H. & Hou, S. H. & Leung, P. K., 2002. "Non-uniform random variate generation by the vertical strip method," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 142(3), pages 595-609, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Zhang, Kaixuan & Ruan, Jiageng & Li, Tongyang & Cui, Hanghang & Wu, Changcheng, 2023. "The effects investigation of data-driven fitting cycle and deep deterministic policy gradient algorithm on energy management strategy of dual-motor electric bus," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
    2. Wang, Yue & Li, Keqiang & Zeng, Xiaohua & Gao, Bolin & Hong, Jichao, 2022. "Energy consumption characteristics based driving conditions construction and prediction for hybrid electric buses energy management," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 245(C).
    3. Zvonimir Dabčević & Branimir Škugor & Jakov Topić & Joško Deur, 2022. "Synthesis of Driving Cycles Based on Low-Sampling-Rate Vehicle-Tracking Data and Markov Chain Methodology," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-21, June.
    4. Jia Di Yang & Jason Millichamp & Theo Suter & Paul R. Shearing & Dan J. L. Brett & James B. Robinson, 2023. "A Review of Drive Cycles for Electrochemical Propulsion," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-26, September.
    5. Jakov Topić & Branimir Škugor & Joško Deur, 2021. "Synthesis and Feature Selection-Supported Validation of Multidimensional Driving Cycles," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-21, April.
    6. Gnap Jozef & Dočkalik Marek & Dydkowski Grzegorz, 2021. "Examination of the Development of New Bus Registrations with Alternative Powertrains in Europe," LOGI – Scientific Journal on Transport and Logistics, Sciendo, vol. 12(1), pages 147-158, January.

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