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How to Improve the Functional Capacity of Frail and Pre-Frail Elderly People? Health, Nutritional Status and Exercise Intervention. The EXERNET-Elder 3.0 Project

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  • Ángel Iván Fernández-García

    (GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Faculty of Health and Sport Science, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Red española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud en Poblaciones Especiales (EXERNET), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain)

  • Alba Gómez-Cabello

    (GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Red española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud en Poblaciones Especiales (EXERNET), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2-(CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
    Centro Universitario de la Defensa, Zaragoza, 50090 Zaragoza, Spain)

  • Ana Moradell

    (GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Faculty of Health and Sport Science, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Red española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud en Poblaciones Especiales (EXERNET), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2-(CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), 50059 Zaragoza, Spain)

  • David Navarrete-Villanueva

    (GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Red española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud en Poblaciones Especiales (EXERNET), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2-(CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
    Faculty of Health, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain)

  • Jorge Pérez-Gómez

    (HEME (Health, Economy, Motricity and Education) Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain)

  • Ignacio Ara

    (GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
    Biomedical Research Networking Center on Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), 28029 Madrid, Spain)

  • Raquel Pedrero-Chamizo

    (ImFine Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain)

  • Jorge Subías-Perié

    (GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Red española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud en Poblaciones Especiales (EXERNET), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Faculty of Health, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain)

  • Borja Muniz-Pardos

    (GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain)

  • José A. Casajús

    (GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Red española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud en Poblaciones Especiales (EXERNET), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2-(CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
    Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), 28029 Madrid, Spain)

  • Germán Vicente-Rodríguez

    (GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Faculty of Health and Sport Science, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Red española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud en Poblaciones Especiales (EXERNET), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2-(CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), 50059 Zaragoza, Spain)

Abstract

Aging is associated with the impairment of health and functional capacity, and physical exercise seems to be an effective tool in frailty prevention and treatment. The purpose of this study was to present the methodology used in the EXERNET-Elder 3.0 project that aims to evaluate the immediate and residual effects and of a multicomponent exercise training program called Elder-fit on frailty, fitness, body composition and quality of life, and also to analyse a possible dietary intake interaction according to health and metabolic status. A total of 110 frail and pre-frail elders participated in this study and were divided into a control group (CG = 52) and an intervention group (IG = 58). The IG performed a supervised multicomponent exercise training program of 6 months and 3 days per week, which included strength, endurance, balance, coordination and flexibility exercises, while the CG continued with their usual daily activities. Both groups received four speeches about healthy habits along the project. Four evaluations were performed: at baseline, after 3 months of training, at the end of the training program (6 months) and 4 months after the program had ended to examine the effects of detraining. Evaluating the efficacy, safety and feasibility of this program will help to develop efficacious physical interventions against frailty. Further, protocols should be described accurately to allow exercise programs to be successfully replicated.

Suggested Citation

  • Ángel Iván Fernández-García & Alba Gómez-Cabello & Ana Moradell & David Navarrete-Villanueva & Jorge Pérez-Gómez & Ignacio Ara & Raquel Pedrero-Chamizo & Jorge Subías-Perié & Borja Muniz-Pardos & José, 2020. "How to Improve the Functional Capacity of Frail and Pre-Frail Elderly People? Health, Nutritional Status and Exercise Intervention. The EXERNET-Elder 3.0 Project," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(15), pages 1-31, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:15:p:6246-:d:393974
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wolfgang Lutz & Warren Sanderson & Sergei Scherbov, 1997. "Doubling of world population unlikely," Nature, Nature, vol. 387(6635), pages 803-805, June.
    2. Tony Scully, 2012. "Demography: To the limit," Nature, Nature, vol. 492(7427), pages 2-3, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Ana Moradell & David Navarrete-Villanueva & Ángel Iván Fernández-García & Lucía Sagarra-Romero & Jorge Marín-Puyalto & Jorge Pérez-Gómez & Eva Gesteiro & Ignacio Ara & Jose Antonio Casajus & Alba Góme, 2020. "Effects of a Multicomponent Exercise Program, a Detraining Period and Dietary Intake Prediction of Body Composition of Frail and Pre-Frail Older Adults from the EXERNET Elder 3.0 Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-15, November.
    2. Damaris Hernández-Gallardo & Ricardo Arencibia-Moreno & Daniel Linares-Girela & Iván Jesús Saca-Plua & Marta Linares-Manrique, 2020. "Energy Expenditure and Physical Activity in a University Population in the Coastal Region of Ecuador," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-12, December.
    3. Pablo Jorge Marcos-Pardo & Noelia González-Gálvez & Raquel Vaquero-Cristóbal & Gemma María Gea-García & Abraham López-Vivancos & Alejandro Espeso-García & Daniel Velázquez-Díaz & Ana Carbonell-Baeza &, 2020. "Functional Autonomy Evaluation Levels in Middle-Aged and Older Spanish Women: On Behalf of the Healthy-Age Network," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-15, November.
    4. Ángel Iván Fernández-García & Ana Moradell & David Navarrete-Villanueva & Jorge Subías-Perié & Jorge Pérez-Gómez & Ignacio Ara & Marcela González-Gross & José Antonio Casajús & Germán Vicente-Rodrígue, 2022. "Effects of Multicomponent Training Followed by a Detraining Period on Frailty Level and Functional Capacity of Older Adults with or at Risk of Frailty: Results of 10-Month Quasi-Experimental Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-23, September.

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