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Effects of Multicomponent Training Followed by a Detraining Period on Frailty Level and Functional Capacity of Older Adults with or at Risk of Frailty: Results of 10-Month Quasi-Experimental Study

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  • Ángel Iván Fernández-García

    (GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences (FCSD), Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Ronda Misericordia, 5, 22001 Huesca, Spain
    Red Española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud en Poblaciones Especiales (EXERNET))

  • Ana Moradell

    (GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences (FCSD), Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Ronda Misericordia, 5, 22001 Huesca, Spain
    Red Española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud en Poblaciones Especiales (EXERNET))

  • David Navarrete-Villanueva

    (GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Red Española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud en Poblaciones Especiales (EXERNET)
    Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain)

  • Jorge Subías-Perié

    (GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Red Española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud en Poblaciones Especiales (EXERNET)
    Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain)

  • Jorge Pérez-Gómez

    (HEME (Health, Economy, Motricity and Education) Research Group, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain)

  • Ignacio Ara

    (GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
    CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain)

  • Marcela González-Gross

    (CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
    ImFine Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain)

  • José Antonio Casajús

    (GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Red Española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud en Poblaciones Especiales (EXERNET)
    Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain)

  • Germán Vicente-Rodríguez

    (GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences (FCSD), Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Ronda Misericordia, 5, 22001 Huesca, Spain
    Red Española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud en Poblaciones Especiales (EXERNET)
    Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón—IA2—(CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain)

  • Alba Gómez-Cabello

    (GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Red Española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud en Poblaciones Especiales (EXERNET)
    Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón—IA2—(CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    Centro Universitario de la Defensa, 50090 Zaragoza, Spain)

Abstract

This study aimed: To analyze the effects of 6-month multicomponent training (MCT) and 4-month detraining on functional capacity and frailty among older adults with/at risk of frailty and to analyze the influence of frailty status on training and detraining adaptations. A total of 106 older adults (80.5 ± 6.0 years) were divided into a control (CON) or training group (TRAIN). The TRAIN performed a 6-month MCT (Eelder-fit), while CON continued their usual lifestyle. Functional capacity was assessed by the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), while frailty was evaluated through Fried (FP) and the short version of the Frailty Trait Scale (FTS-5). Linear mixed models were performed to analyze group effects and to compare differences in changes within and between groups. TRAIN showed improvements in SPPB (3.2 ± 2.4), FP (−0.7 ± 1.3), and FTS-5 (−5.9 ± 5.8), whereas CON improved in SPPB (0.7 ± 2.9) and deteriorated in FTS-5 (2.8 ± 7.6) (all p < 0.05). Group effects favorable to TRAIN were found for all scales during this period (all p < 0.05). After detraining, TRAIN worsened in SPPB (−1.2 ± 2.7) and FTS-5 (4.1 ± 6.1) (both p < 0.05). No relevant differences were observed, accounting for frailty status between TRAIN subgroups. Eelder-fit improved the functional capacity and frailty of this population, whereas 4-months of detraining caused a drop of these variables except in FP.

Suggested Citation

  • Ángel Iván Fernández-García & Ana Moradell & David Navarrete-Villanueva & Jorge Subías-Perié & Jorge Pérez-Gómez & Ignacio Ara & Marcela González-Gross & José Antonio Casajús & Germán Vicente-Rodrígue, 2022. "Effects of Multicomponent Training Followed by a Detraining Period on Frailty Level and Functional Capacity of Older Adults with or at Risk of Frailty: Results of 10-Month Quasi-Experimental Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-23, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:19:p:12417-:d:929014
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ana Moradell & Irene Rodríguez-Gómez & Ángel Iván Fernández-García & David Navarrete-Villanueva & Jorge Marín-Puyalto & Jorge Pérez-Gómez & José Gerardo Villa-Vicente & Marcela González-Gross & Ignaci, 2021. "Associations between Daily Movement Distribution, Bone Structure, Falls, and Fractures in Older Adults: A Compositional Data Analysis Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(7), pages 1-15, April.
    2. Ángel Iván Fernández-García & Alba Gómez-Cabello & Ana Moradell & David Navarrete-Villanueva & Jorge Pérez-Gómez & Ignacio Ara & Raquel Pedrero-Chamizo & Jorge Subías-Perié & Borja Muniz-Pardos & José, 2020. "How to Improve the Functional Capacity of Frail and Pre-Frail Elderly People? Health, Nutritional Status and Exercise Intervention. The EXERNET-Elder 3.0 Project," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(15), pages 1-31, August.
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