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Fast Pyrolysis of Poultry Litter in a Bubbling Fluidised Bed Reactor: Energy and Nutrient Recovery

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  • Daya Shankar Pandey

    (RCUK Centre for Sustainable Energy Use in Food Chains (CSEF), Institute of Energy Futures, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK
    School of Engineering and the Built Environment, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford CM1 1SQ, UK)

  • Giannis Katsaros

    (RCUK Centre for Sustainable Energy Use in Food Chains (CSEF), Institute of Energy Futures, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK)

  • Christian Lindfors

    (VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Biologinkuja 5, 02044 Espoo, Finland)

  • James J. Leahy

    (Carbolea Research Group, Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland)

  • Savvas A. Tassou

    (RCUK Centre for Sustainable Energy Use in Food Chains (CSEF), Institute of Energy Futures, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK)

Abstract

Livestock production is among the most rapidly growing sectors of the agricultural economy driven primarily by growing demand for animal protein, but also posing significant waste disposal issues and environmental impacts. Moreover, opportunities exist for utilising animal waste at the farm level for heat and power generation (thermal conversion) which can contribute to economic sustainability and also provide a bio-fertiliser for soil amendment. The present study is focused on energy and nutrient recovery from poultry litter using a thermochemical conversion technology (fast pyrolysis). The formation of products (gases, biochar and bio-oil) during the fast pyrolysis of poultry litter was experimentally investigated in a laboratory-scale bubbling fluidised bed reactor. Pyrolytic gases accounted for 15–22 wt.% of the product. The carbon content in biochar increased from 47 to 48.5 wt.% with an increase in the pyrolysis temperature. Phosphorous and potassium recovery in the biochar were over 75%, suggesting that it could be used as an organic soil amendment. The high ash content in poultry litter (14.3 wt.%) resulted in low bio-oil and high biochar yield. The bio-oil yield was over 27 wt.% with a higher heating value of 32.17 MJ/kg (dry basis). The total acid number of the bio-oil decreased from 46.30 to 38.50 with an increase in temperature. The nitrogen content in the bio-oil produced from the poultry litter (>7 wt.%) was significantly higher compared to bio-oil produced from the wood (0.1 wt.%).

Suggested Citation

  • Daya Shankar Pandey & Giannis Katsaros & Christian Lindfors & James J. Leahy & Savvas A. Tassou, 2019. "Fast Pyrolysis of Poultry Litter in a Bubbling Fluidised Bed Reactor: Energy and Nutrient Recovery," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-17, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:9:p:2533-:d:227578
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Izabella Maj, 2022. "Significance and Challenges of Poultry Litter and Cattle Manure as Sustainable Fuels: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-17, November.
    2. Alherbawi, Mohammad & Parthasarathy, Prakash & Al-Ansari, Tareq & Mackey, Hamish R. & McKay, Gordon, 2021. "Potential of drop-in biofuel production from camel manure by hydrothermal liquefaction and biocrude upgrading: A Qatar case study," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 232(C).
    3. Poddar, Sourav & Sarat Chandra Babu, J., 2021. "Modelling and optimization of a pyrolysis plant using swine and goat manure as feedstock," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 253-269.
    4. Xinxin Tang & Xuesong Wei & Songying Chen, 2019. "Continuous Pyrolysis Technology for Oily Sludge Treatment in the Chain-Slap Conveyors," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(13), pages 1-10, July.
    5. Samar Hadroug & Salah Jellali & Mejdi Jeguirim & Marzena Kwapinska & Helmi Hamdi & James J. Leahy & Witold Kwapinski, 2021. "Static and Dynamic Investigations on Leaching/Retention of Nutrients from Raw Poultry Manure Biochars and Amended Agricultural Soil," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-26, January.

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