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Climate Change Adaptation Strategies and Approaches for Outdoor Recreation

Author

Listed:
  • Daniel O’Toole

    (USDA Forest Service, 1992 Folwell Ave, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA)

  • Leslie A. Brandt

    (USDA Forest Service, 1992 Folwell Ave, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
    Northern Institute of Applied Climate Science, 410 MacInnes Dr, Houghton, MI 49931, USA)

  • Maria K. Janowiak

    (USDA Forest Service, 1992 Folwell Ave, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
    Northern Institute of Applied Climate Science, 410 MacInnes Dr, Houghton, MI 49931, USA)

  • Kristen M. Schmitt

    (Northern Institute of Applied Climate Science, 410 MacInnes Dr, Houghton, MI 49931, USA
    College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, 410 MacInnes Dr, Houghton, MI 49931, USA)

  • P. Danielle Shannon

    (Northern Institute of Applied Climate Science, 410 MacInnes Dr, Houghton, MI 49931, USA
    College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, 410 MacInnes Dr, Houghton, MI 49931, USA)

  • Patricia R. Leopold

    (Northern Institute of Applied Climate Science, 410 MacInnes Dr, Houghton, MI 49931, USA
    College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, 410 MacInnes Dr, Houghton, MI 49931, USA)

  • Stephen D. Handler

    (USDA Forest Service, 1992 Folwell Ave, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
    Northern Institute of Applied Climate Science, 410 MacInnes Dr, Houghton, MI 49931, USA)

  • Todd A. Ontl

    (USDA Forest Service, 1992 Folwell Ave, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
    Northern Institute of Applied Climate Science, 410 MacInnes Dr, Houghton, MI 49931, USA)

  • Christopher W. Swanston

    (USDA Forest Service, 1992 Folwell Ave, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
    Northern Institute of Applied Climate Science, 410 MacInnes Dr, Houghton, MI 49931, USA)

Abstract

Climate change will alter opportunities and demand for outdoor recreation through altered winter weather conditions and season length, climate-driven changes in user preferences, and damage to recreational infrastructure, among other factors. To ensure that outdoor recreation remains sustainable in the face of these challenges, natural resource managers may need to adapt their recreation management. One of the major challenges of adapting recreation to climate change is translating broad concepts into specific, tangible actions. Using a combination of in-depth interviews of recreational managers and a review of peer-reviewed literature and government reports, we developed a synthesis of impacts, strategies, and approaches, and a tiered structure that organizes this information. Six broad climate adaptation strategies and 25 more specific approaches were identified and organized into a “recreation menu”. The recreation menu was tested with two national forests in the US in multi-day workshops designed to integrate these concepts into real-world projects that were at the beginning stages of the planning process. We found that the recreation menu was broad yet specific enough to be applied to recreation-focused projects with different objectives and climate change impacts. These strategies and approaches serve as stepping stones to enable natural resource and recreation managers to translate broad concepts into targeted and prescriptive actions for implementing adaptation.

Suggested Citation

  • Daniel O’Toole & Leslie A. Brandt & Maria K. Janowiak & Kristen M. Schmitt & P. Danielle Shannon & Patricia R. Leopold & Stephen D. Handler & Todd A. Ontl & Christopher W. Swanston, 2019. "Climate Change Adaptation Strategies and Approaches for Outdoor Recreation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(24), pages 1-22, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:24:p:7030-:d:295742
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Janowiak, Maria K. & Dostie, Daniel N. & Wilson, Michael A. & Kucera, Michael J. & Skinner, R. Howard & Hatfield, Jerry L. & Hollinger, David & Swanston, Christopher W., 2016. "Adaptation Resources for Agriculture: Responding to Climate Variability and Change in the Midwest and Northeast," Technical Bulletins 320856, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    2. Daniel Scott & Geoff McBoyle, 2007. "Climate change adaptation in the ski industry," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 12(8), pages 1411-1431, October.
    3. Dawson, J. & Scott, D., 2013. "Managing for climate change in the alpine ski sector," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 35(C), pages 244-254.
    4. Todd A. Ontl & Chris Swanston & Leslie A. Brandt & Patricia R. Butler & Anthony W. D’Amato & Stephen D. Handler & Maria K. Janowiak & P. Danielle Shannon, 2018. "Adaptation pathways: ecoregion and land ownership influences on climate adaptation decision-making in forest management," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 146(1), pages 75-88, January.
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