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A Survey of the Status and Challenges of Green Building Development in Various Countries

Author

Listed:
  • Yinqi Zhang

    (School of Environmental Engineering, the University of Kitakyushu, Kitakyushu 8080135, Japan)

  • He Wang

    (School of Environmental Engineering, the University of Kitakyushu, Kitakyushu 8080135, Japan)

  • Weijun Gao

    (School of Environmental Engineering, the University of Kitakyushu, Kitakyushu 8080135, Japan
    iSMART, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, China)

  • Fan Wang

    (Royal Academy of Engineering Centre of Excellence in Sustainable Development Building Design, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK)

  • Nan Zhou

    (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley CA 94720, USA)

  • Daniel M. Kammen

    (Energy and Resources Group (ERG); The University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley CA 94720, USA)

  • Xiaoyu Ying

    (Department of Engineering, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou 310015, China)

Abstract

Since the energy crisis in the 1960s, crucial research and activities were spurred to improve energy efficiency and decrease environmental pollution. To deal with the various problems the construction industry are facing, the concept of green buildings (GBs) has been gradually shaped and put forward all over the world, and green building rating systems (GBRSs) have been developed. The concept of GBs covers a wide range of elements, and its definition is constantly updated as the construction industry develops. This paper compares the development of backgrounds and statuses of green building development in various countries. It also presents an overview of the green building development situation within these countries, summarizing two influences for GB development: one external and the other internal. External factors include GB development policy support, economic benefits, and certification schemes. Internal factors are the development and application of GB technology, the level of building management, and how users interact with the GB technology. Currently, 49 worldwide green building standards and application have been sorted out, including 18 standard expert appraisal systems. Moreover, it discusses the research results and lessons learned from green building projects in different countries and summarizes their achievements and challenges. To correctly understand and use green building technology, it is essential to improve the policy and incentive system, improve the professional quality and technical ability of employees and accredited consultants, constantly develop and update the evaluation system, strengthen technological innovation, and integrate design and management. This paper aims to draw a clear roadmap for national standard development, policy formulation, and construction design companies, provide solutions to remove the obstacles, and suggest research direction for future studies.

Suggested Citation

  • Yinqi Zhang & He Wang & Weijun Gao & Fan Wang & Nan Zhou & Daniel M. Kammen & Xiaoyu Ying, 2019. "A Survey of the Status and Challenges of Green Building Development in Various Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(19), pages 1-29, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:19:p:5385-:d:271906
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    References listed on IDEAS

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