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Removal of Pb(II) from Acid Mine Drainage with Bentonite-Steel Slag Composite Particles

Author

Listed:
  • Xinhui Zhan

    (School of Mines, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China)

  • Liping Xiao

    (School of Civil Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China)

  • Bing Liang

    (School of Mechanics and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China)

Abstract

Abandoned lead and zinc (Pb-Zn) mines around the world produce large amounts of acid mine drainage (AMD) containing Pb(II), which is toxic and accumulates in the environment and in living organisms. Bentonite-steel slag composite particles (BSC) are a new type of acid mine drainage (AMD) treatment material that can remove heavy metal ions and reduce acidity. To date, there have been no reports on the treatment of Pb(II)-containing AMD using BSC. Therefore, the effects of pH, reaction time, temperature, and Pb(II) concentration on the adsorption of Pb(II) onto BSC were studied. Moreover, the BSC before and after the reaction, as well as the precipitation after the reaction, were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses. The effect of pH on the adsorption process is similar to that of the formation of soluble and insoluble hydrolysates of Pb(II) on pH. The adsorption mechanism includes ion exchange, complexation, precipitation, and synergistic adsorption–coagulation effect. Adsorption kinetics are best-fit with the pseudo-second order kinetics model ( R 2 > 0.98). Furthermore, the total adsorption rate is controlled by liquid film diffusion and in-particle diffusion, the liquid film diffusion rate being higher than the in-particle diffusion rate. The isothermal adsorption of Pb(II) onto BSC fit well with Langmuir and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) isotherms ( R 2 > 0.995), and both single layer adsorption and local multilayer adsorption were observed. Thermodynamic analysis revealed that the adsorption process is spontaneous and endothermic, and that the degree of freedom increases with time. In summary, this study provides a theoretical basis for the use of BSC in treating AMD containing Pb(II).

Suggested Citation

  • Xinhui Zhan & Liping Xiao & Bing Liang, 2019. "Removal of Pb(II) from Acid Mine Drainage with Bentonite-Steel Slag Composite Particles," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(16), pages 1-17, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:16:p:4476-:d:258754
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Muhammad Tahir Amin & Abdulrahman Ali Alazba & Muhammad Shafiq, 2015. "Adsorptive Removal of Reactive Black 5 from Wastewater Using Bentonite Clay: Isotherms, Kinetics and Thermodynamics," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 7(11), pages 1-17, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Tomasz Kalak & Yu Tachibana, 2023. "Utilizing Sewage Sludge Slag, a By-Product of the Circulating Fluidized Bed Combustion Process, to Efficiently Remove Copper from Aquatic Environment," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-24, July.
    2. Lei Yang & Yuegang Tang & Duanning Cao & Mingyuan Yang, 2023. "Remediation of Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) Using Steel Slag: Mechanism of the Alkalinity Decayed Process," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-15, February.
    3. Tunzeel Iqbal & Shahid Iqbal & Fozia Batool & Dimitrios Thomas & Malik Muhammad Hassnain Iqbal, 2021. "Utilization of a Newly Developed Nanomaterial Based on Loading of Biochar with Hematite for the Removal of Cadmium Ions from Aqueous Media," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-21, February.

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