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Construction of the Belt and Road Trade Cooperation Network from the Multi-Distances Perspective

Author

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  • Xiu-Mei Fu

    (College of Economics, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China)

  • Han-Xue Chen

    (College of Economics, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China)

  • Zhen-Kai Xue

    (College of Economics, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China)

Abstract

Based on the cooperation network formation theory, a Belt and Road trade cooperation network was constructed from the multi-distances perspective under the backdrop of the Belt and Road initiative. The geographic, factor endowment, cultural, and institutional distances were selected as variables from the aspects of geography, economy, culture, and politics to expand the gravity model. With this model, an empirical test was conducted using the data from China’s export trade flows to Belt and Road countries from 2007 to 2016. The results showed that a Belt and Road country had greater trade flows from China when it had smaller geographic, factor endowment, and cultural distance and greater institutional distance from China. Based on the empirical results, we improved the comprehensive index method to measure the comprehensive distance indices between China and the Belt and Road countries. According to the comprehensive distance indices, these countries could be divided into four cooperation circles, in which the prioritized countries in the different phases were identified. Subsequently, the cooperation network construction was designed in four stages to gradually build an all-round, multi-level, and all-encompassing trade cooperation network between China and the Belt and Road countries. Eventually, based on the above consideration, policy suggestions are provided for the construction of such a network.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiu-Mei Fu & Han-Xue Chen & Zhen-Kai Xue, 2018. "Construction of the Belt and Road Trade Cooperation Network from the Multi-Distances Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(5), pages 1-16, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:10:y:2018:i:5:p:1439-:d:144751
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    2. Zhao, Yujia & Shuai, Jing & Shi, Yin & Lu, Yang & Zhang, Zumeng, 2022. "Exploring the co-opetition mechanism of renewable energy trade between China and the “Belt and Road” countries: A dynamic game approach," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 191(C), pages 998-1008.
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    4. Changping Zhao & Yecheng Wang & Tianxiang Zhang & Qingbo Huang & Yu Gong, 2019. "The Game Simulation of “The Belt and Road” Economic and Trade Network Based on the Asymmetric QRE Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-17, June.
    5. Liusuo Hu & Jian Hu & Weilung Huang, 2023. "Evolutionary Analysis of the Solar Photovoltaic Products Trade Network in Belt and Road Initiative Countries from an Economic Perspective," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-30, September.
    6. Danny Chi Kuen Ho & Eve Man Hin Chan & Tsz Leung Yip & Chi-Wing Tsang, 2020. "The United States’ Clothing Imports from Asian Countries along the Belt and Road: An Extended Gravity Trade Model with Application of Artificial Neural Network," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-15, September.
    7. Zhiheng Wu & Guisheng Hou & Baogui Xin, 2020. "Has the Belt and Road Initiative Brought New Opportunities to Countries Along the Routes to Participate in Global Value Chains?," SAGE Open, , vol. 10(1), pages 21582440209, January.
    8. Li, Fangmin & Yang, Tianle & Du, Min & Huang, Miao, 2023. "The development fit index of digital currency electronic payment between China and the one belt one road countries," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    9. Yue Pu & Yunting Li & Jinjin Zhang, 2023. "Features and evolution of the ‘Belt and Road’ regional value chain: Complex network analysis," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 46(7), pages 2134-2156, July.
    10. Fei Peng & Lili Kang & Taoxiong Liu & Jia Cheng & Luxiao Ren, 2020. "Trade Agreements and Global Value Chains: New Evidence from China’s Belt and Road Initiative," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-24, February.
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    12. Qiaowen Zhang & Benjamin Batinge, 2021. "A social network analysis of the structure and evolution of intra‐African trade," African Development Review, African Development Bank, vol. 33(1), pages 204-217, March.

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