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Landscape Greening Policies-based Land Use/Land Cover Simulation for Beijing and Islamabad—An Implication of Sustainable Urban Ecosystems

Author

Listed:
  • Shahid Naeem

    (University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 101408, China
    Division of Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth (RADI), Beijing 100101, China)

  • Chunxiang Cao

    (University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 101408, China
    Division of Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth (RADI), Beijing 100101, China)

  • Khunsa Fatima

    (Institute of Geographical Information Systems, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan)

  • Omaid Najmuddin

    (University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 101408, China
    Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources (IGNRR), Beijing 100101, China)

  • Bipin Kumar Acharya

    (University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 101408, China
    Division of Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth (RADI), Beijing 100101, China)

Abstract

City green infrastructure (CGI) makes cities more resilient and sustainable, as required by the United Nations’ (UN) Sustainable Development Goal 11–Sustainable Cities and Communities. Based on the CGI policies of Beijing, land use/land cover (LULC) changes of two Asian capitals, Beijing, China and Islamabad, Pakistan, are simulated. LULC maps for 2010 and 2015 are developed by applying object-based image analysis (OBIA) to Landsat imagery. Dynamics of land system (DLS) model was used to simulate the LULC changes for 2020 and 2025 under three scenarios: (1) business-as-usual (BAU); (2) urban green space work plan (UGWP); and (3) landscape and greening policies (LGP). Results reveal that DLS is efficient than other simulation models. The BAU scenario predicts an overall expansion in Beijing’s greenery, while Islamabad will encounter a decline by 7.3 km 2 per year. Under the UGWP scenario, urban green spaces and other vegetation area of Beijing will expand by 7.6 km 2 , while, for Islamabad, vegetation degradation rate will slow down to 6.9 km 2 per year. The LGP scenario envisage a massive increase of 23.5 km 2 per year in green resources of Beijing and Islamabad’s green land loss rate will further slowdown to 6.1 km 2 per year. It is inferred from the results that vegetation degradation in Islamabad need to lessen by implementing LGP policy after basic amendments according to the local conditions and available resources.

Suggested Citation

  • Shahid Naeem & Chunxiang Cao & Khunsa Fatima & Omaid Najmuddin & Bipin Kumar Acharya, 2018. "Landscape Greening Policies-based Land Use/Land Cover Simulation for Beijing and Islamabad—An Implication of Sustainable Urban Ecosystems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-22, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:10:y:2018:i:4:p:1049-:d:139228
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    References listed on IDEAS

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