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The Effects of Race and Ethnicity on Admission, Graduation, and Recidivism in the Milwaukee County Adult Drug Treatment Court

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  • Alyssa M. Sheeran

    (Criminal Justice and Criminology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA)

  • Amanda J. Heideman

    (Criminal Justice and Criminology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA)

Abstract

Drug courts play a key role in the criminal justice system by diverting individuals from incarceration and providing them with resources to address substance use issues and reduce criminal recidivism. However, it is unclear whether drug courts reflect—or even exacerbate—preexisting racial/ethnic disparities in the criminal justice system. While prior literature has offered some insight into the influence of race and ethnicity on drug court success, much of the focus has been on outcomes (i.e., program completion and recidivism) rather than disparities at earlier stages (i.e., referral to admittance). The current study adds to this body of research by evaluating the Milwaukee County Adult Drug Treatment Court to examine whether racial/ethnic disparities exist at several stages of the drug court process: (1) referral to admittance, (2) likelihood of graduation, and (3) likelihood of recidivism. Results of the analyses determined racial/ethnic disparities in the likelihood of admission to the drug court, as well as the likelihood of graduation. There were no racial/ethnic disparities found in the likelihood of recidivism. The analyses also identified several additional variables that were influential in the likelihood of admission (risk score, prior record), likelihood of graduation (age, prior record, custody sanctions), and recidivism (drug court outcome).

Suggested Citation

  • Alyssa M. Sheeran & Amanda J. Heideman, 2021. "The Effects of Race and Ethnicity on Admission, Graduation, and Recidivism in the Milwaukee County Adult Drug Treatment Court," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-18, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jscscx:v:10:y:2021:i:7:p:261-:d:590840
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Evans, Elizabeth & Li, Libo & Hser, Yih-Ing, 2009. "Client and program factors associated with dropout from court mandated drug treatment," Evaluation and Program Planning, Elsevier, vol. 32(3), pages 204-212, August.
    2. Nicosia, N. & MacDonald, J.M. & Arkes, J., 2013. "Disparities in criminal court referrals to drug treatment and prison for minority men," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 103(6), pages 77-84.
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