IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jmathe/v9y2021i9p981-d544609.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Stochastic Comparisons of Some Distances between Random Variables

Author

Listed:
  • Patricia Ortega-Jiménez

    (Departamento de Estadística e I. O., Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, 11002 Cádiz, Spain)

  • Miguel A. Sordo

    (Departamento de Estadística e I. O., Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, 11002 Cádiz, Spain)

  • Alfonso Suárez-Llorens

    (Departamento de Estadística e I. O., Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, 11002 Cádiz, Spain)

Abstract

The aim of this paper is twofold. First, we show that the expectation of the absolute value of the difference between two copies, not necessarily independent, of a random variable is a measure of its variability in the sense of Bickel and Lehmann (1979). Moreover, if the two copies are negatively dependent through stochastic ordering, this measure is subadditive. The second purpose of this paper is to provide sufficient conditions for comparing several distances between pairs of random variables (with possibly different distribution functions) in terms of various stochastic orderings. Applications in actuarial and financial risk management are given.

Suggested Citation

  • Patricia Ortega-Jiménez & Miguel A. Sordo & Alfonso Suárez-Llorens, 2021. "Stochastic Comparisons of Some Distances between Random Variables," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(9), pages 1-14, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:9:y:2021:i:9:p:981-:d:544609
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/9/9/981/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/9/9/981/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. R. Rockafellar & Stan Uryasev & Michael Zabarankin, 2006. "Generalized deviations in risk analysis," Finance and Stochastics, Springer, vol. 10(1), pages 51-74, January.
    2. Jorge Navarro & Yolanda del Águila & Miguel A. Sordo & Alfonso Suárez‐Llorens, 2013. "Stochastic ordering properties for systems with dependent identically distributed components," Applied Stochastic Models in Business and Industry, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 29(3), pages 264-278, May.
    3. Balakrishnan, Narayanaswamy & Belzunce, Félix & Sordo, Miguel A. & Suárez-Llorens, Alfonso, 2012. "Increasing directionally convex orderings of random vectors having the same copula, and their use in comparing ordered data," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 105(1), pages 45-54.
    4. Christian Genest & Jean‐François Quessy & Bruno Rémillard, 2006. "Goodness‐of‐fit Procedures for Copula Models Based on the Probability Integral Transformation," Scandinavian Journal of Statistics, Danish Society for Theoretical Statistics;Finnish Statistical Society;Norwegian Statistical Association;Swedish Statistical Association, vol. 33(2), pages 337-366, June.
    5. Belzunce, Félix & Ruiz, José M. & Suárez-Llorens, Alfonso, 2008. "On multivariate dispersion orderings based on the standard construction," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 78(3), pages 271-281, February.
    6. Wang, Shaun, 1996. "Premium Calculation by Transforming the Layer Premium Density," ASTIN Bulletin, Cambridge University Press, vol. 26(1), pages 71-92, May.
    7. Bassan, Bruno & Denuit, Michel & Scarsini, Marco, 1999. "Variability orders and mean differences," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 45(2), pages 121-130, November.
    8. Ortega-Jiménez, P. & Sordo, M.A. & Suárez-Llorens, A., 2021. "Stochastic orders and multivariate measures of risk contagion," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 199-207.
    9. Chen Li & Xiaohu Li, 2018. "Preservation of increasing convex/concave order under the formation of parallel/series system of dependent components," Metrika: International Journal for Theoretical and Applied Statistics, Springer, vol. 81(4), pages 445-464, May.
    10. Block, Henry W. & Savits, Thomas H. & Shaked, Moshe, 1985. "A concept of negative dependence using stochastic ordering," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 3(2), pages 81-86, April.
    11. Young, Virginia R., 1999. "Discussion of Christofides' Conjecture Regarding Wang's Premium Principle," ASTIN Bulletin, Cambridge University Press, vol. 29(2), pages 191-195, November.
    12. Kochar, Subhash C. & Carrière, K. C., 1997. "Connections among various variability orderings," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 35(4), pages 327-333, November.
    13. Sordo, Miguel A., 2009. "Comparing tail variabilities of risks by means of the excess wealth order," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 45(3), pages 466-469, December.
    14. Furman, Edward & Wang, Ruodu & Zitikis, Ričardas, 2017. "Gini-type measures of risk and variability: Gini shortfall, capital allocations, and heavy-tailed risks," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 70-84.
    15. Cai, Jun & Wei, Wei, 2012. "On the invariant properties of notions of positive dependence and copulas under increasing transformations," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 50(1), pages 43-49.
    16. Sordo, Miguel A. & Suárez-Llorens, Alfonso, 2011. "Stochastic comparisons of distorted variability measures," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 49(1), pages 11-17, July.
    17. Shlomo Yitzhaki, 2003. "Gini’s Mean difference: a superior measure of variability for non-normal distributions," Metron - International Journal of Statistics, Dipartimento di Statistica, Probabilità e Statistiche Applicate - University of Rome, vol. 0(2), pages 285-316.
    18. Giovagnoli, Alessandra & Wynn, H. P., 1995. "Multivariate dispersion orderings," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 22(4), pages 325-332, March.
    19. Yang, Jianping & Zhuang, Weiwei & Hu, Taizhong, 2014. "Lp-metric under the location-independent risk ordering of random variables," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 321-324.
    20. Sordo, Miguel A. & Castaño-Martínez, Antonia & Pigueiras, Gema, 2016. "A family of premium principles based on mixtures of TVaRs," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 397-405.
    21. Sordo, Miguel A., 2008. "Characterizations of classes of risk measures by dispersive orders," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 42(3), pages 1028-1034, June.
    22. Sordo, Miguel A. & Suárez-Llorens, Alfonso & Bello, Alfonso J., 2015. "Comparison of conditional distributions in portfolios of dependent risks," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 62-69.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Capaldo, Marco & Di Crescenzo, Antonio & Pellerey, Franco, 2024. "Generalized Gini’s mean difference through distortions and copulas, and related minimizing problems," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 206(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Psarrakos, Georgios & Sordo, Miguel A., 2019. "On a family of risk measures based on proportional hazards models and tail probabilities," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 232-240.
    2. Sordo, Miguel A. & Suárez-Llorens, Alfonso & Bello, Alfonso J., 2015. "Comparison of conditional distributions in portfolios of dependent risks," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 62-69.
    3. repec:bpj:demode:v:6:y:2018:i:1:p:156-177:n:10 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Belzunce, Félix & Suárez-Llorens, Alfonso & Sordo, Miguel A., 2012. "Comparison of increasing directionally convex transformations of random vectors with a common copula," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 50(3), pages 385-390.
    5. Sordo, M.A. & Bello, A.J. & Suárez-Llorens, A., 2018. "Stochastic orders and co-risk measures under positive dependence," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 105-113.
    6. Psarrakos, Georgios & Toomaj, Abdolsaeed & Vliora, Polyxeni, 2024. "A family of variability measures based on the cumulative residual entropy and distortion functions," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 212-222.
    7. Ortega-Jiménez, Patricia & Pellerey, Franco & Sordo, Miguel A. & Suárez-Llorens, Alfonso, 2024. "Probability equivalent level for CoVaR and VaR," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 22-35.
    8. López-Díaz, Miguel & Sordo, Miguel A. & Suárez-Llorens, Alfonso, 2012. "On the Lp-metric between a probability distribution and its distortion," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 51(2), pages 257-264.
    9. Ortega-Jiménez, P. & Sordo, M.A. & Suárez-Llorens, A., 2021. "Stochastic orders and multivariate measures of risk contagion," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 199-207.
    10. Jorge Navarro & Camilla Calì & Maria Longobardi & Fabrizio Durante, 2022. "Distortion representations of multivariate distributions," Statistical Methods & Applications, Springer;Società Italiana di Statistica, vol. 31(4), pages 925-954, October.
    11. Sánchez-Sánchez, M. & Sordo, M.A. & Suárez-Llorens, A. & Gómez-Déniz, E., 2019. "Deriving Robust Bayesian Premiums Under Bands Of Prior Distributions With Applications," ASTIN Bulletin, Cambridge University Press, vol. 49(1), pages 147-168, January.
    12. Dhaene, Jan & Laeven, Roger J.A. & Zhang, Yiying, 2022. "Systemic risk: Conditional distortion risk measures," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 126-145.
    13. Belzunce, Félix & Pinar, José F. & Ruiz, José M. & Sordo, Miguel A., 2012. "Comparison of risks based on the expected proportional shortfall," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 51(2), pages 292-302.
    14. Sordo, Miguel A., 2008. "Characterizations of classes of risk measures by dispersive orders," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 42(3), pages 1028-1034, June.
    15. Sordo, Miguel A. & Castaño-Martínez, Antonia & Pigueiras, Gema, 2016. "A family of premium principles based on mixtures of TVaRs," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 397-405.
    16. Hu, Taizhong & Chen, Ouxiang, 2020. "On a family of coherent measures of variability," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 173-182.
    17. Wei Wang & Huifu Xu, 2023. "Preference robust state-dependent distortion risk measure on act space and its application in optimal decision making," Computational Management Science, Springer, vol. 20(1), pages 1-51, December.
    18. P. G. Sankaran & M. Dileep Kumar, 2019. "Reliability properties of proportional hazards relevation transform," Metrika: International Journal for Theoretical and Applied Statistics, Springer, vol. 82(4), pages 441-456, May.
    19. Chen Li & Xiaohu Li, 2018. "Preservation of increasing convex/concave order under the formation of parallel/series system of dependent components," Metrika: International Journal for Theoretical and Applied Statistics, Springer, vol. 81(4), pages 445-464, May.
    20. Francesca Greselin & Ričardas Zitikis, 2018. "From the Classical Gini Index of Income Inequality to a New Zenga-Type Relative Measure of Risk: A Modeller’s Perspective," Econometrics, MDPI, vol. 6(1), pages 1-20, January.
    21. Sordo, Miguel A. & Suárez-Llorens, Alfonso, 2011. "Stochastic comparisons of distorted variability measures," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 49(1), pages 11-17, July.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:9:y:2021:i:9:p:981-:d:544609. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.