IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jmathe/v9y2021i7p787-d530780.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Supply Chain Coordination with a Risk-Averse Retailer and the Call Option Contract in the Presence of a Service Requirement

Author

Listed:
  • Han Zhao

    (Department of Finance and Audit, Army Logistics Academy, Chongqing 401311, China)

  • Hui Wang

    (Department of Finance and Audit, Army Logistics Academy, Chongqing 401311, China)

  • Wei Liu

    (Department of Basic Science, Wuhan Donghu University, Wuhan 430212, China)

  • Shiji Song

    (Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China)

  • Yu Liao

    (Department of Basic Science, Army Logistics University, Chongqing 401311, China)

Abstract

This paper investigates a supply chain consisting of a single risk-neutral supplier and a single risk-averse retailer with the call option contract and a service requirement, where the retailer’s objective is to maximize the Conditional Value-at-Risk about profit. The optimal ordering quantity of the retailer and the optimal production quantity of the supplier are derived with the call option contract in the presence of a service requirement. Furthermore, by investigating the effect of the service level and the risk aversion on the supply chain, it is found that the retailer’s optimal Conditional Value-at-Risk is non-increasing in the service requirement and increasing in the risk aversion, while the supplier’s optimal expected profit is non-decreasing in the service and decreasing in the risk aversion. In addition, this paper demonstrates the impact of contract parameters on the service-constrained supply chain, and finds that the retailer’s optimal Conditional Value-at-Risk may be increasing, constant or decreasing in unit exercise price. Finally, with the call option contract, a distribution-free coordination condition is derived to achieve the Pareto improvement under Conditional Value-at-Risk criterion in the presence of a service requirement.

Suggested Citation

  • Han Zhao & Hui Wang & Wei Liu & Shiji Song & Yu Liao, 2021. "Supply Chain Coordination with a Risk-Averse Retailer and the Call Option Contract in the Presence of a Service Requirement," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(7), pages 1-19, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:9:y:2021:i:7:p:787-:d:530780
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/9/7/787/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/9/7/787/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Han Zhao & Shiji Song & Yuli Zhang & Jatinder N. D. Gupta & Anna G. Devlin & Raymond Chiong, 2019. "Supply Chain Coordination with a Risk-Averse Retailer and a Combined Buy-Back and Revenue Sharing Contract," Asia-Pacific Journal of Operational Research (APJOR), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 36(05), pages 1-23, October.
    2. Ernst, Ricardo & Powell, Stephen G., 1998. "Manufacturer incentives to improve retail service levels," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 104(3), pages 437-450, February.
    3. Zhiming Chen & Kunwen Yuan & Shaorui Zhou, 2019. "Supply chain coordination with trade credit under the CVaR criterion," International Journal of Production Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 57(11), pages 3538-3553, June.
    4. Liu, Zhongyi & Hua, Shengya & Zhai, Xin, 2020. "Supply chain coordination with risk-averse retailer and option contract: Supplier-led vs. Retailer-led," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 223(C).
    5. Zhuo, Wenyan & Shao, Lusheng & Yang, Honglin, 2018. "Mean–variance analysis of option contracts in a two-echelon supply chain," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 271(2), pages 535-547.
    6. Tversky, Amos & Kahneman, Daniel, 1992. "Advances in Prospect Theory: Cumulative Representation of Uncertainty," Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, Springer, vol. 5(4), pages 297-323, October.
    7. Xu Chen & Zuo-Jun Shen, 2012. "An analysis of a supply chain with options contracts and service requirements," IISE Transactions, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 44(10), pages 805-819.
    8. Wang, Chong & Chen, Jing & Chen, Xu, 2017. "Pricing and order decisions with option contracts in the presence of customer returns," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 193(C), pages 422-436.
    9. Rui Wang & Shiji Song & Cheng Wu, 2016. "Coordination of Supply Chain with One Supplier and Two Competing Risk-Averse Retailers under an Option Contract," Mathematical Problems in Engineering, Hindawi, vol. 2016, pages 1-11, February.
    10. Qi Fu & Chung-Yee Lee & Chung-Piaw Teo, 2010. "Procurement management using option contracts: random spot price and the portfolio effect," IISE Transactions, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 42(11), pages 793-811.
    11. Dawn Barnes-Schuster & Yehuda Bassok & Ravi Anupindi, 2002. "Coordination and Flexibility in Supply Contracts with Options," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 4(3), pages 171-207, May.
    12. Li, Bo & Hou, Peng-Wen & Chen, Ping & Li, Qing-Hua, 2016. "Pricing strategy and coordination in a dual channel supply chain with a risk-averse retailer," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 154-168.
    13. Xin Chen & Stephen Shum & David Simchi-Levi, 2014. "Stable and Coordinating Contracts for a Supply Chain with Multiple Risk-Averse Suppliers," Production and Operations Management, Production and Operations Management Society, vol. 23(3), pages 379-392, March.
    14. Tadeusz Sawik, 2016. "On the risk-averse optimization of service level in a supply chain under disruption risks," International Journal of Production Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 54(1), pages 98-113, January.
    15. Bo He & Guo Li & Mengqi Liu, 2018. "Impacts of decision sequences on a random yield supply chain with a service level requirement," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 268(1), pages 469-495, September.
    16. Lei Yang & Minghui Xu & Gang Yu & Hanqin Zhang, 2009. "SUPPLY CHAIN COORDINATION WITH CVaR CRITERION," Asia-Pacific Journal of Operational Research (APJOR), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 26(01), pages 135-160.
    17. Wu, Jun & Wang, Shouyang & Chao, Xiuli & Ng, C.T. & Cheng, T.C.E., 2010. "Impact of risk aversion on optimal decisions in supply contracts," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 128(2), pages 569-576, December.
    18. Chen, Xu & Wan, Nana & Wang, Xiaojun, 2017. "Flexibility and coordination in a supply chain with bidirectional option contracts and service requirement," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 193(C), pages 183-192.
    19. Fan, Yinghua & Feng, Yi & Shou, Yongyi, 2020. "A risk-averse and buyer-led supply chain under option contract: CVaR minimization and channel coordination," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 219(C), pages 66-81.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Jia Liu & Cuixia Li, 2023. "Dynamic Game Analysis on Cooperative Advertising Strategy in a Manufacturer-Led Supply Chain with Risk Aversion," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-24, January.
    2. Aijun Liu & Dengxue Li & Miao Jie & Zengxian Li, 2022. "Coordination through revenue sharing contract in an E‐commerce supply chain with consumer preference," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 43(6), pages 2467-2479, September.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Liu, Shuai & Hua, Guowei & Cheng, T.C.E. & Dong, Jingxin, 2021. "Unmanned vehicle distribution capacity sharing with demand surge under option contracts," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).
    2. Deng Jia & Chong Wang, 2022. "Option Contracts in Fresh Produce Supply Chain with Freshness-Keeping Effort," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-24, April.
    3. Wei Liu & Shiji Song & Ying Qiao & Han Zhao, 2020. "Supply Chain Coordination with a Loss-Averse Retailer and Combined Contract," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 8(4), pages 1-20, April.
    4. Fan, Yinghua & Feng, Yi & Shou, Yongyi, 2020. "A risk-averse and buyer-led supply chain under option contract: CVaR minimization and channel coordination," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 219(C), pages 66-81.
    5. Wei Liu & Han Zhao & Shiji Song & Wenxuan He & Xiaochen Li, 2021. "Coping with Loss Aversion and Risk Management in the Supply Chain Coordination," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-18, April.
    6. Belleh Fontem & Megan Price, 2021. "Joint client selection and contract design for a risk-averse commodity broker in a two-echelon supply chain," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 307(1), pages 111-138, December.
    7. Wang, Chong & Chen, Jing & Chen, Xu, 2019. "The impact of customer returns and bidirectional option contract on refund price and order decisions," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 274(1), pages 267-279.
    8. Liu, Zhongyi & Hua, Shengya & Zhai, Xin, 2020. "Supply chain coordination with risk-averse retailer and option contract: Supplier-led vs. Retailer-led," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 223(C).
    9. Chen, Jianxin & Hou, Rui & Zhang, Tonghua & Zhou, Yongwu, 2024. "Newsvendor model for a dyadic supply chain with push-pull strategy under shareholding and risk aversion," Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (MATCOM), Elsevier, vol. 221(C), pages 645-662.
    10. Feng, Yi & Mu, Yinping & Hu, Benyong & Kumar, Arun, 2014. "Commodity options purchasing and credit financing under capital constraint," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 230-237.
    11. Jiarong Luo & Xu Chen & Chong Wang & Gaoxun Zhang, 2021. "Bidirectional options in random yield supply chains with demand and spot price uncertainty," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 302(1), pages 211-230, July.
    12. Chen, Xu & Wan, Nana & Wang, Xiaojun, 2017. "Flexibility and coordination in a supply chain with bidirectional option contracts and service requirement," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 193(C), pages 183-192.
    13. Biswas, Indranil & Avittathur, Balram, 2019. "Channel coordination using options contract under simultaneous price and inventory competition," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 45-60.
    14. Li, Yanhai & Ou, Jinwen, 2022. "Replenishment decisions for complementary components with supply capacity uncertainty under the CVaR criterion," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 297(3), pages 904-916.
    15. Weisheng Deng & Lu Liu, 2019. "Comparison of Carbon Emission Reduction Modes: Impacts of Capital Constraint and Risk Aversion," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-30, March.
    16. Hu, Benyong & Qu, Jiali & Meng, Chao, 2018. "Supply chain coordination under option contracts with joint pricing under price-dependent demand," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 74-86.
    17. Han Zhao & Shiji Song & Yuli Zhang & Jatinder N. D. Gupta & Anna G. Devlin & Raymond Chiong, 2019. "Supply Chain Coordination with a Risk-Averse Retailer and a Combined Buy-Back and Revenue Sharing Contract," Asia-Pacific Journal of Operational Research (APJOR), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 36(05), pages 1-23, October.
    18. De Giovanni, Domenico & Massabò, Ivar, 2018. "Capacity investment under uncertainty: The effect of volume flexibility," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 198(C), pages 165-176.
    19. Xu, Xinsheng & Ji, Ping & Sang, Shuming, 2023. "Supply option purchasing decisions via mismatch cost minimization," Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (MATCOM), Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 260-280.
    20. Jiarong Luo & Xu Chen, 2017. "Risk hedging via option contracts in a random yield supply chain," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 257(1), pages 697-719, October.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:9:y:2021:i:7:p:787-:d:530780. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.