IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jmathe/v8y2020i11p2033-d445232.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Utility Indifference Valuation for Defaultable Corporate Bond with Credit Rating Migration

Author

Listed:
  • Zhehao Huang

    (Guangzhou Institute of International Finance, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510405, China)

  • Zhenghui Li

    (Guangzhou Institute of International Finance, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510405, China)

  • Zhenzhen Wang

    (School of Mathematics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China)

Abstract

Credit risk modeling by debt pricing has been a popular theme in both academia and practice since the subprime crisis. In this paper, we devote our study to the indifferent price of a corporate bond with credit risk involving both default risk and credit rating migration risk in an incomplete market. The firm’s stock and a financial index on the market as tradable assets are introduced to hedge the credit risk, and the bond price is determined by the indifference of investors’ utilities with and without holding the bond. The models are established under the structural framework and result in Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman (HJB) systems regarding utilities subject to default boundary and multiple migration boundaries. According to dynamic programming theory, closed-form solutions for pricing formulas are derived by implementing an inverted iteration program to overcome the joint effect of default and multiple credit rating migration. Therefore, with the derived explicit pricing formulas for the corporate bond, the models can be easily applied in practice, and investors can generate their strategies of hedging the credit risk by easily analyzing the impacts of the parameters on the bond price.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhehao Huang & Zhenghui Li & Zhenzhen Wang, 2020. "Utility Indifference Valuation for Defaultable Corporate Bond with Credit Rating Migration," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 8(11), pages 1-26, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:8:y:2020:i:11:p:2033-:d:445232
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/8/11/2033/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/8/11/2033/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Briys, Eric & de Varenne, François, 1997. "Valuing Risky Fixed Rate Debt: An Extension," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 32(2), pages 239-248, June.
    2. Frydman, Halina & Schuermann, Til, 2008. "Credit rating dynamics and Markov mixture models," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 32(6), pages 1062-1075, June.
    3. Thaleia Zariphopoulou, 2001. "A solution approach to valuation with unhedgeable risks," Finance and Stochastics, Springer, vol. 5(1), pages 61-82.
    4. Black, Fischer & Cox, John C, 1976. "Valuing Corporate Securities: Some Effects of Bond Indenture Provisions," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 31(2), pages 351-367, May.
    5. Lizarazo, Sandra Valentina, 2013. "Default risk and risk averse international investors," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 89(2), pages 317-330.
    6. Kolokolova, Olga & Lin, Ming-Tsung & Poon, Ser-Huang, 2020. "Too big to ignore? Hedge fund flows and bond yields," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 112(C).
    7. Duffie, Darrell & Singleton, Kenneth J, 1999. "Modeling Term Structures of Defaultable Bonds," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 12(4), pages 687-720.
    8. Robert A. Jarrow & David Lando & Stuart M. Turnbull, 2008. "A Markov Model for the Term Structure of Credit Risk Spreads," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Financial Derivatives Pricing Selected Works of Robert Jarrow, chapter 18, pages 411-453, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    9. Leland, Hayne E, 1994. "Corporate Debt Value, Bond Covenants, and Optimal Capital Structure," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 49(4), pages 1213-1252, September.
    10. Andreas Löffler, 2012. "Duffie, D.: Measuring corporate default risk," Journal of Economics, Springer, vol. 106(1), pages 97-98, May.
    11. Aivazian, Varouj A. & Callen, Jeffrey L. & Krinsky, Itzhak & Kwan, Clarence C. Y., 1983. "Mean-Variance Utility Functions and the Demand for Risky Assets: An Empirical Analysis Using Flexible Functional Forms," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 18(4), pages 411-424, December.
    12. Böninghausen, Benjamin & Zabel, Michael, 2015. "Credit ratings and cross-border bond market spillovers," Working Paper Series 1831, European Central Bank.
    13. Robert A. Jarrow & Stuart M. Turnbull, 2008. "Pricing Derivatives on Financial Securities Subject to Credit Risk," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Financial Derivatives Pricing Selected Works of Robert Jarrow, chapter 17, pages 377-409, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    14. Westerlund, Joakim & Narayan, Paresh Kumar, 2012. "Does the choice of estimator matter when forecasting returns?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 36(9), pages 2632-2640.
    15. Fei Fei & Ana-Maria Fuertes & Elena Kalotychou, 2012. "Credit Rating Migration Risk and Business Cycles," Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 39(1-2), pages 229-263, January.
    16. Merton, Robert C, 1974. "On the Pricing of Corporate Debt: The Risk Structure of Interest Rates," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 29(2), pages 449-470, May.
    17. Marina Dolfin & Damian Knopoff & Michele Limosani & Maria Gabriella Xibilia, 2019. "Credit Risk Contagion and Systemic Risk on Networks," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 7(8), pages 1-16, August.
    18. Leland, Hayne E & Toft, Klaus Bjerre, 1996. "Optimal Capital Structure, Endogenous Bankruptcy, and the Term Structure of Credit Spreads," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 51(3), pages 987-1019, July.
    19. Longstaff, Francis A & Schwartz, Eduardo S, 1995. "A Simple Approach to Valuing Risky Fixed and Floating Rate Debt," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 50(3), pages 789-819, July.
    20. Dereeper, Sébastien & Lobez, Frédéric & Statnik, Jean-Christophe, 2020. "Bank credit rates across the business cycle: Evidence from a French cooperative contracts database," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 112(C).
    21. Böninghausen, Benjamin & Zabel, Michael, 2015. "Credit ratings and cross-border bond market spillovers," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 115-136.
    22. Arnaud Porchet & Nizar Touzi & Xavier Warin, 2009. "Valuation of power plants by utility indifference and numerical computation," Mathematical Methods of Operations Research, Springer;Gesellschaft für Operations Research (GOR);Nederlands Genootschap voor Besliskunde (NGB), vol. 70(1), pages 47-75, August.
    23. Livingston, Miles & Poon, Winnie P.H. & Zhou, Lei, 2018. "Are Chinese credit ratings relevant? A study of the Chinese bond market and credit rating industry," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 216-232.
    24. Phan, Dinh Hoang Bach & Sharma, Susan Sunila & Narayan, Paresh Kumar, 2015. "Stock return forecasting: Some new evidence," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 38-51.
    25. Jang, Bong-Gyu & Rhee, Yuna & Yoon, Ji Hee, 2016. "Business cycle and credit risk modeling with jump risks," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 39(PA), pages 15-36.
    26. Vicky Henderson, 2002. "Valuation Of Claims On Nontraded Assets Using Utility Maximization," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 12(4), pages 351-373, October.
    27. Benedetti, Giuseppe & Campi, Luciano, 2016. "Utility indifference valuation for non-smooth payoffs with an application to power derivatives," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 63016, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    28. Takeaki Kariya & Yoshiro Yamamura & Koji Inui, 2019. "Empirical Credit Risk Ratings of Individual Corporate Bonds and Derivation of Term Structures of Default Probabilities," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-29, July.
    29. Marek Musiela & Thaleia Zariphopoulou, 2004. "An example of indifference prices under exponential preferences," Finance and Stochastics, Springer, vol. 8(2), pages 229-239, May.
    30. Liang, Jin & Zhao, Yuejuan & Zhang, Xudan, 2016. "Utility indifference valuation of corporate bond with credit rating migration by structure approach," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 339-346.
    31. Thomas, Lyn C. & Allen, David E. & Morkel-Kingsbury, Nigel, 2002. "A hidden Markov chain model for the term structure of bond credit risk spreads," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 11(3), pages 311-329.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Liang, Jin & Zhao, Yuejuan & Zhang, Xudan, 2016. "Utility indifference valuation of corporate bond with credit rating migration by structure approach," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 339-346.
    2. Augusto Castillo, 2004. "Firm and Corporate Bond Valuation: A Simulation Dynamic Programming Approach," Latin American Journal of Economics-formerly Cuadernos de Economía, Instituto de Economía. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile., vol. 41(124), pages 345-360.
    3. Martin Dòzsa & Karel Janda, 2015. "Corporate asset pricing models and debt contracts," CAMA Working Papers 2015-33, Centre for Applied Macroeconomic Analysis, Crawford School of Public Policy, The Australian National University.
    4. repec:wyi:journl:002109 is not listed on IDEAS
    5. Viral V. Acharya & Jennifer N. Carpenter, 2002. "Corporate Bond Valuation and Hedging with Stochastic Interest Rates and Endogenous Bankruptcy," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 15(5), pages 1355-1383.
    6. Hong-Ming Yin & Jin Liang & Yuan Wu, 2018. "On a New Corporate Bond Pricing Model with Potential Credit Rating Change and Stochastic Interest Rate," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-12, December.
    7. Batten, Jonathan & Hogan, Warren, 2002. "A perspective on credit derivatives," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 11(3), pages 251-278.
    8. Duffie, Darrell, 2005. "Credit risk modeling with affine processes," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 29(11), pages 2751-2802, November.
    9. Samuel Chege Maina, 2011. "Credit Risk Modelling in Markovian HJM Term Structure Class of Models with Stochastic Volatility," PhD Thesis, Finance Discipline Group, UTS Business School, University of Technology, Sydney, number 1-2011, January-A.
    10. Suresh M. Sundaresan, 2000. "Continuous‐Time Methods in Finance: A Review and an Assessment," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 55(4), pages 1569-1622, August.
    11. Moraux, Franck, 2004. "Modeling the business risk of financially weakened firms: A new approach for corporate bond pricing," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 13(1), pages 47-61.
    12. Nystrom, Kaj & Skoglund, Jimmy, 2006. "A credit risk model for large dimensional portfolios with application to economic capital," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 30(8), pages 2163-2197, August.
    13. Bhanot, Karan & Mello, Antonio S., 2006. "Should corporate debt include a rating trigger?," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 79(1), pages 69-98, January.
    14. Lie-Jane Kao & Po-Cheng Wu & Tai-Yuan Chen, 2012. "Why Do Banks Default When Asset Quality Is High?," The International Journal of Business and Finance Research, The Institute for Business and Finance Research, vol. 6(1), pages 83-96.
    15. Qiang Dai & Kenneth Singleton, 2003. "Term Structure Dynamics in Theory and Reality," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 16(3), pages 631-678, July.
    16. Antonio Trujillo-Ponce & Reyes Samaniego-Medina & Clara Cardone-Riportella, 2014. "Examining what best explains corporate credit risk: accounting-based versus market-based models," Journal of Business Economics and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 15(2), pages 253-276, April.
    17. Zhou Lu & Zhuyao Zhuo, 2021. "Modelling of Chinese corporate bond default – A machine learning approach," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 61(5), pages 6147-6191, December.
    18. Samuel Chege Maina, 2011. "Credit Risk Modelling in Markovian HJM Term Structure Class of Models with Stochastic Volatility," PhD Thesis, Finance Discipline Group, UTS Business School, University of Technology, Sydney, number 5, July-Dece.
    19. Ming Fang & Rui Zhong, 2004. "Default Risk, Firm's Characteristics, and Risk Shifting," Yale School of Management Working Papers amz2461, Yale School of Management, revised 01 Mar 2005.
    20. Yuchao Dong & Jin Liang & Claude-Michel Brauner, 2023. "Double free boundary problem for defaultable corporate bond with credit rating migration risks and their asymptotic behaviors," Papers 2301.10898, arXiv.org, revised Jul 2023.
    21. Gregory Connor & Lisa R. Goldberg & Robert A. Korajczyk, 2010. "Portfolio Risk Analysis," Economics Books, Princeton University Press, edition 1, number 9224.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:8:y:2020:i:11:p:2033-:d:445232. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.