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Exploring the Long-Term Changes in Visual Attributes of Urban Green Spaces Using Point Clouds

Author

Listed:
  • Xiaohan Zhang

    (Department of Architecture, Technical University of Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany)

  • Yuhao Fang

    (Department of Architecture, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China)

  • Guanting Zhang

    (College of Architecture, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China)

  • Shi Cheng

    (Department of Architecture, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
    Chinese National Visual Image Research Base, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China)

Abstract

The visual attributes of urban green spaces influence people’s perceptions, preferences, and behavioural activities. While many studies have established correlations between landscape perception and visual attributes, they often focus on specific timeframes and overlook dynamic changes in the spatial form of urban green spaces. This study aims to explore the long-term changes in the visual attributes of urban green spaces. We propose a method to quantitatively analyse changes in visual attributes using point clouds to simulate visual interfaces. Using an unmanned aerial vehicle, we conducted a five-axis tilt photography survey of Qinglvyuan Park in Nanjing, China, in August 2018 and September 2023. Point cloud models were generated for the two periods, and five visual attribute indicators, openness (OP), depth variance (DV), green view ratio (GVR), sky view ratio (SVR), and skyline complexity (SC), were analysed for long-term changes. The results indicate that OP, DV, and SVR decreased after five years, while GVR increased. The maximum increase in GVR was 26.6%, and the maximum decrease in OP was 12.8%. There is a positive correlation between GVR and its change (d_GVR). Conversely, there are negative correlations between SC and its change (d_SC), as well as between SVR and d_GVR. Tree growth emerged as a primary factor influencing changes in the visual attributes of urban green spaces. This study highlights the importance of adopting a long-term and dynamic perspective in visual landscape studies, as well as in landscape design and maintenance practices. Future research on predicting long-term changes in the visual attributes of urban green spaces should focus on understanding the relationships between tree properties and environmental conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiaohan Zhang & Yuhao Fang & Guanting Zhang & Shi Cheng, 2024. "Exploring the Long-Term Changes in Visual Attributes of Urban Green Spaces Using Point Clouds," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-14, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:13:y:2024:i:6:p:884-:d:1417421
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kienast, Felix & Frick, Jacqueline & van Strien, Maarten J. & Hunziker, Marcel, 2015. "The Swiss Landscape Monitoring Program – A comprehensive indicator set to measure landscape change," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 295(C), pages 136-150.
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