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Potential and Influencing Factors of Urban Spatial Development under Natural Constraints: A Case Study of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

Author

Listed:
  • Yukui Zhang

    (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
    Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
    College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
    Fujian Key Laboratory of Digital Technology for Territorial Space Analysis and Simulation, Fuzhou 350108, China)

  • Tao Lin

    (Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
    College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
    Fujian Key Laboratory of Digital Technology for Territorial Space Analysis and Simulation, Fuzhou 350108, China
    Xiamen Key Laboratory of Smart Management on the Urban Environment, Xiamen 361021, China)

  • Junmao Zhang

    (Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
    College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
    Fujian Key Laboratory of Digital Technology for Territorial Space Analysis and Simulation, Fuzhou 350108, China
    Xiamen Key Laboratory of Smart Management on the Urban Environment, Xiamen 361021, China)

  • Meixia Lin

    (Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
    Fujian Key Laboratory of Digital Technology for Territorial Space Analysis and Simulation, Fuzhou 350108, China
    Xiamen Key Laboratory of Smart Management on the Urban Environment, Xiamen 361021, China)

  • Yuan Chen

    (Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
    Fujian Key Laboratory of Digital Technology for Territorial Space Analysis and Simulation, Fuzhou 350108, China
    Xiamen Key Laboratory of Smart Management on the Urban Environment, Xiamen 361021, China)

  • Yicheng Zheng

    (Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
    Fujian Key Laboratory of Digital Technology for Territorial Space Analysis and Simulation, Fuzhou 350108, China
    Xiamen Key Laboratory of Smart Management on the Urban Environment, Xiamen 361021, China
    School of Geographical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham, Ningbo 315100, China)

  • Xiaotong Wang

    (Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
    Fujian Key Laboratory of Digital Technology for Territorial Space Analysis and Simulation, Fuzhou 350108, China
    Xiamen Key Laboratory of Smart Management on the Urban Environment, Xiamen 361021, China)

  • Yuqin Liu

    (Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
    Fujian Key Laboratory of Digital Technology for Territorial Space Analysis and Simulation, Fuzhou 350108, China
    Xiamen Key Laboratory of Smart Management on the Urban Environment, Xiamen 361021, China)

  • Hong Ye

    (Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
    College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
    Fujian Key Laboratory of Digital Technology for Territorial Space Analysis and Simulation, Fuzhou 350108, China
    Xiamen Key Laboratory of Smart Management on the Urban Environment, Xiamen 361021, China)

  • Guoqin Zhang

    (Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
    College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
    Fujian Key Laboratory of Digital Technology for Territorial Space Analysis and Simulation, Fuzhou 350108, China
    Xiamen Key Laboratory of Smart Management on the Urban Environment, Xiamen 361021, China)

Abstract

As urbanization in China progresses, urban spatial development is transitioning from rapid expansion to more intensive and compact growth. This study examined the role of physical geography and environmental factors in shaping the urban spatial development in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA). Based on the current natural conditions, we selected evaluation indices from topography, hydrogeology, climatic conditions, and natural disasters. These indices were used to create a carrying capacity and suitability evaluation system for development land under natural constraints. Finally, the spatial development potential of the city was finalized by taking into account the current state of the built-up area of the city. Meanwhile, we employed the Optimal Parameters-based Geographical Detector and assessed the impact of 14 natural factors on the spatial development of urban built-up areas. In 2020, the GBA had 52,168.77 km 2 of land suitable for construction, of which 34,241.13 km 2 was highly suitable (61.29%) and 17,927.64 km 2 was moderately suitable (32.09%). At the Bay Area level, 90.15% of the development potential remains untapped; at the city level, Zhaoqing City has the highest potential at 99.56%, while Macao has the lowest at 26.83%. Key factors influencing urban development include silty sand content, annual average relative humidity, and cumulative temperature above 0 °C, with varying impacts across different urban scales. At the Bay Area level, the silty sand content, annual average relative humidity, and cumulative temperature above 0 °C are the main influencing factors on the spatial development of urban built-up areas; at the city level, the main factors are annual average relative humidity and cumulative active temperature above 0 °C. This study reveals the important influence of natural environmental factors on urban spatial development, which is conducive to promoting sustainable development of land resources in GBA.

Suggested Citation

  • Yukui Zhang & Tao Lin & Junmao Zhang & Meixia Lin & Yuan Chen & Yicheng Zheng & Xiaotong Wang & Yuqin Liu & Hong Ye & Guoqin Zhang, 2024. "Potential and Influencing Factors of Urban Spatial Development under Natural Constraints: A Case Study of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-16, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:13:y:2024:i:6:p:783-:d:1406980
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kaiyuan Li & Xiaolong Jin & Danxun Ma & Penghui Jiang, 2019. "Evaluation of Resource and Environmental Carrying Capacity of China’s Rapid-Urbanization Areas—A Case Study of Xinbei District, Changzhou," Land, MDPI, vol. 8(4), pages 1-17, April.
    2. Ruxandra Irina POPESCU, 2011. "Study Regarding the Ways of Measuring Cities Competitiveness," Economia. Seria Management, Faculty of Management, Academy of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, vol. 14(2), pages 288-303, December.
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