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The Heterogeneous Effects of Urban Form on CO 2 Emissions: An Empirical Analysis of 255 Cities in China

Author

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  • Chengye Jia

    (School of Economics, Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Jinan 250014, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Shuang Feng

    (School of Economics, Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Jinan 250014, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Hong Chu

    (School of Economics, Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Jinan 250014, China)

  • Weige Huang

    (Wenlan School of Business, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China)

Abstract

Urban form is closely related to CO 2 emissions and the accurate estimation of the impact of urban form on CO 2 emissions plays an important role in tackling climate change caused by the emission of greenhouse gases. In this paper, we quantitatively investigate the effects of urban form on CO 2 emission and its efficiency from three perspectives: urban expansion, compactness, and complexity. By using panel quantile regression with fixed effects, we show that: (1) The estimation results about the relationship between urban form and CO 2 emission and its efficiency are consistent with the literature. (2) The partial effects of urban form without controlling for socioeconomic factors are heterogeneous throughout the conditional distribution of CO 2 emission and its efficiency. (3) Taking into consideration that the partial effects of urban form on CO 2 emission and its efficiency might depend on the magnitude of socioeconomic factors, we include interaction terms into our model and find that the interaction effects between socioeconomic factors and urban form are heterogeneous across cities with different levels of CO 2 emission and its efficiency. Our empirical findings shed light on the optimization of urban form in improving the CO 2 emission efficiency, providing policy makers with effective ways of reducing CO 2 emissions across cities with different levels of CO 2 emissions.

Suggested Citation

  • Chengye Jia & Shuang Feng & Hong Chu & Weige Huang, 2023. "The Heterogeneous Effects of Urban Form on CO 2 Emissions: An Empirical Analysis of 255 Cities in China," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-24, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:12:y:2023:i:5:p:981-:d:1136093
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    References listed on IDEAS

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