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Analysis of Temporal and Spatial Dynamics of Ecosystem Services and Trade-Offs/Synergies during Urbanization in the Loess Plateau, China

Author

Listed:
  • Jiamin Liu

    (School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China)

  • Hao Wang

    (School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China)

  • Butian Tang

    (School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China)

  • Le Hui

    (School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China)

  • Weijuan Zhang

    (College of Marxism, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China)

  • Liwei Zhang

    (School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China)

  • Lei Jiao

    (School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China)

Abstract

As a typical ecological fragile zone and an area with a high intensity of human activities, the Loess Plateau (LP) of China has significantly altered its ecosystem and the corresponding services under the influence of urbanization processes. However, most existing studies focus on the spatial and temporal changes of ecosystem services (ESs) and their interrelationships under the influence of ecological restoration works in the LP, leaving limited research on the impacts of urbanization on ESs. Therefore, this study constructed a research framework for exploring the spatio-temporal dynamics and interactions of ESs under the influence of urbanization based on time series data from 2000 to 2020. The results showed that: (1) based on the comprehensive urbanization level (CUL), developed and developing areas accounted for 5.63% of the total area; (2) for the whole LP, all ESs except Habitat Quality (HQ) showed an increased trend. HQ showed a trade-off with the other services, while there was a clear synergy between the other three types of services; (3) in terms of processes of urbanization, Carbon Sequestration, Water Yield and HQ gradually decreased with increased levels of urbanization, and Soil Conservation increased the least in developing areas. The trade-off between HQ and the other three services decreased with increasing urbanization, while the synergy between the other three services strengthened as urbanization deepened. These findings suggest that urbanization significantly impacts ESs. It is necessary to implement appropriate measures (e.g., sponge city construction, urban green space, etc.) to address the impacts of urbanization on ESs.

Suggested Citation

  • Jiamin Liu & Hao Wang & Butian Tang & Le Hui & Weijuan Zhang & Liwei Zhang & Lei Jiao, 2023. "Analysis of Temporal and Spatial Dynamics of Ecosystem Services and Trade-Offs/Synergies during Urbanization in the Loess Plateau, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-19, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:12:y:2023:i:12:p:2136-:d:1294493
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Allington, Ginger R.H. & Li, Wei & Brown, Daniel G., 2017. "Urbanization and environmental policy effects on the future availability of grazing resources on the Mongolian Plateau: Modeling socio-environmental system dynamics," Environmental Science & Policy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 35-46.
    2. Yonghui Cheng & Qi Kang & Kewei Liu & Peng Cui & Kaixu Zhao & Jianwei Li & Xue Ma & Qingsong Ni, 2023. "Impact of Urbanization on Ecosystem Service Value from the Perspective of Spatio-Temporal Heterogeneity: A Case Study from the Yellow River Basin," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-27, June.
    3. Jinxin Sun & Mei Han & Fanbiao Kong & Fan Wei & Xianglun Kong, 2023. "Spatiotemporal Analysis of the Coupling Relationship between Habitat Quality and Urbanization in the Lower Yellow River," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(6), pages 1-16, March.
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