IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jlands/v10y2021i7p708-d588616.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Long-Term Land Cover Changes in the Western Part of the Korean Demilitarized Zone

Author

Listed:
  • Jae Hyun Kim

    (Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
    DMZ Ecology Research Institute, Paju 10881, Korea
    School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea)

  • Shinyeong Park

    (DMZ Ecology Research Institute, Paju 10881, Korea)

  • Seung Ho Kim

    (DMZ Ecology Research Institute, Paju 10881, Korea)

  • Eun Ju Lee

    (School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea)

Abstract

After the Korean War, human access to the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) was highly restricted. However, limited agricultural activity was allowed in the Civilian Control Zone (CCZ) surrounding the DMZ. In this study, land cover and vegetation changes in the western DMZ and CCZ from 1919 to 2017 were investigated. Coniferous forests were nearly completely destroyed during the war and were then converted to deciduous forests by ecological succession. Plains in the DMZ and CCZ areas showed different patterns of land cover changes. In the DMZ, pre-war rice paddies were gradually transformed into grasslands. These grasslands have not returned to forest, and this may be explained by wildfires set for military purposes or hydrological fluctuations in floodplains. Grasslands near the floodplains in the DMZ are highly valued for conservation as a rare land type. Most grasslands in the CCZ were converted back to rice paddies, consistent with their previous use. After the 1990s, ginseng cultivation in the CCZ increased. In addition, the landscape changes in the Korean DMZ and CCZ were affected by political circumstances between South and North Korea. Our results provide baseline information for the development of ecosystem management and conservation plans for the Korean DMZ and CCZ. Given the high biodiversity and ecological integrity of the Korean DMZ region, transboundary governance for conservation should be designed.

Suggested Citation

  • Jae Hyun Kim & Shinyeong Park & Seung Ho Kim & Eun Ju Lee, 2021. "Long-Term Land Cover Changes in the Western Part of the Korean Demilitarized Zone," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-18, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:10:y:2021:i:7:p:708-:d:588616
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/10/7/708/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/10/7/708/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Pamela Griffin & Saleem Ali, 2014. "Managing transboundary wetlands: the Ramsar Convention as a means of ecological diplomacy," Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences, Springer;Association of Environmental Studies and Sciences, vol. 4(3), pages 230-239, September.
    2. De Jager, Nathan R. & Van Appledorn, Molly & Fox, Timothy J. & Rohweder, Jason J. & Guyon, Lyle J. & Meier, Andrew R. & Cosgriff, Robert J. & Vandermyde, Benjamin J., 2019. "Spatially explicit modelling of floodplain forest succession: interactions among flood inundation, forest successional processes, and other disturbances in the Upper Mississippi River floodplain, USA," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 405(C), pages 15-32.
    3. Konietschke, Frank & Placzek, Marius & Schaarschmidt, Frank & Hothorn, Ludwig A., 2015. "nparcomp: An R Software Package for Nonparametric Multiple Comparisons and Simultaneous Confidence Intervals," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 64(i09).
    4. Sonam Wangyel Wang & Belay Manjur Gebru & Munkhnasan Lamchin & Rijan Bhakta Kayastha & Woo-Kyun Lee, 2020. "Land Use and Land Cover Change Detection and Prediction in the Kathmandu District of Nepal Using Remote Sensing and GIS," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-18, May.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Srijana Shrestha & Khem Narayan Poudyal & Nawraj Bhattarai & Mohan B. Dangi & John J. Boland, 2022. "An Assessment of the Impact of Land Use and Land Cover Change on the Degradation of Ecosystem Service Values in Kathmandu Valley Using Remote Sensing and GIS," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-18, November.
    2. Juliette Richetin & Giulio Costantini & Marco Perugini & Felix Schönbrodt, 2015. "Should We Stop Looking for a Better Scoring Algorithm for Handling Implicit Association Test Data? Test of the Role of Errors, Extreme Latencies Treatment, Scoring Formula, and Practice Trials on Reli," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(6), pages 1-23, June.
    3. Celia M. Gagliardi & Marc E. Normandin & Alexandra T. Keinath & Joshua B. Julian & Matthew R. Lopez & Manuel-Miguel Ramos-Alvarez & Russell A. Epstein & Isabel A. Muzzio, 2024. "Distinct neural mechanisms for heading retrieval and context recognition in the hippocampus during spatial reorientation," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-22, December.
    4. Feifeng Jiang & Kwok Kit Richard Yuen & Eric Wai Ming Lee & Jun Ma, 2020. "Analysis of Run-Off-Road Accidents by Association Rule Mining and Geographic Information System Techniques on Imbalanced Datasets," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-32, June.
    5. Pizarro, E. & Galleguillos, M. & Barría, P. & Callejas, R., 2022. "Irrigation management or climate change ? Which is more important to cope with water shortage in the production of table grape in a Mediterranean context," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 263(C).
    6. Michael Classens, 2017. "The transformation of the Holland Marsh and the dynamics of wetland loss: a historical political ecological approach," Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences, Springer;Association of Environmental Studies and Sciences, vol. 7(4), pages 507-518, December.
    7. Muhammad Majeed & Aqil Tariq & Muhammad Mushahid Anwar & Arshad Mahmood Khan & Fahim Arshad & Faisal Mumtaz & Muhammad Farhan & Lili Zhang & Aroosa Zafar & Marjan Aziz & Sanaullah Abbasi & Ghani Rahma, 2021. "Monitoring of Land Use–Land Cover Change and Potential Causal Factors of Climate Change in Jhelum District, Punjab, Pakistan, through GIS and Multi-Temporal Satellite Data," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-17, September.
    8. Chunying Ning & Rajan Subedi & Lu Hao, 2023. "Land Use/Cover Change, Fragmentation, and Driving Factors in Nepal in the Last 25 Years," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-19, April.
    9. Claudia Kedor & Helma Freitag & Lil Meyer-Arndt & Kirsten Wittke & Leif G. Hanitsch & Thomas Zoller & Fridolin Steinbeis & Milan Haffke & Gordon Rudolf & Bettina Heidecker & Thomas Bobbert & Joachim S, 2022. "A prospective observational study of post-COVID-19 chronic fatigue syndrome following the first pandemic wave in Germany and biomarkers associated with symptom severity," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-13, December.
    10. Sujarwo & Aditya Nugraha Putra & Raden Arief Setyawan & Heitor Mancini Teixeira & Uma Khumairoh, 2022. "Forecasting Rice Status for a Food Crisis Early Warning System Based on Satellite Imagery and Cellular Automata in Malang, Indonesia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-14, July.
    11. Halinski, Rosana & Garibaldi, Lucas Alejandro & dos Santos, Charles Fernando & Acosta, André Luis & Guidi, Daniel Dornelles & Blochtein, Betina, 2020. "Forest fragments and natural vegetation patches within crop fields contribute to higher oilseed rape yields in Brazil," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 180(C).
    12. Jamila Ngondo & Joseph Mango & Ruiqing Liu & Joel Nobert & Alfonse Dubi & Heqin Cheng, 2021. "Land-Use and Land-Cover (LULC) Change Detection and the Implications for Coastal Water Resource Management in the Wami–Ruvu Basin, Tanzania," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-23, April.
    13. Mehdi Ketabchy, 2021. "Investigating the Impacts of the Political System Components in Iran on the Existing Water Bankruptcy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-22, December.
    14. Nguyen Hong Giang & Yu-Ren Wang & Tran Dinh Hieu & Nguyen Huu Ngu & Thanh-Tuan Dang, 2022. "Estimating Land-Use Change Using Machine Learning: A Case Study on Five Central Coastal Provinces of Vietnam," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-20, April.
    15. Cheechouyang Faichia & Zhijun Tong & Jiquan Zhang & Xingpeng Liu & Emmanuel Kazuva & Kashif Ullah & Bazel Al-Shaibah, 2020. "Using RS Data-Based CA–Markov Model for Dynamic Simulation of Historical and Future LUCC in Vientiane, Laos," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-20, October.
    16. Zaheer Abbas & Guang Yang & Yuanjun Zhong & Yaolong Zhao, 2021. "Spatiotemporal Change Analysis and Future Scenario of LULC Using the CA-ANN Approach: A Case Study of the Greater Bay Area, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-26, June.
    17. Ameneh Mianabadi & Kamran Davary & Hojjat Mianabadi & Poolad Karimi, 2020. "International Environmental Conflict Management in Transboundary River Basins," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 34(11), pages 3445-3464, September.
    18. Kandianos Emmanouil Sakalidis & Stein Gerrit Paul Menting & Florentina Johanna Hettinga, 2023. "The Role of Cognition and Social Factors in Competition: How Do People with Intellectual Disabilities Respond to Opponents?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-14, February.
    19. Laurent Augusto & Antra Boča, 2022. "Tree functional traits, forest biomass, and tree species diversity interact with site properties to drive forest soil carbon," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-12, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:10:y:2021:i:7:p:708-:d:588616. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.