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Estimating Intervention Effects in a Complex Multi-Level Smoking Prevention Study

Author

Listed:
  • Milena Falcaro

    (Biostatistics Group, School of Community-Based Medicine, University of Manchester, UK)

  • Andrew C. Povey

    (Occupational and Environmental Health Research Group, University of Manchester, UK)

  • Anne Fielder

    (Occupational and Environmental Health Research Group, University of Manchester, UK)

  • Elizabeth Nahit

    (Occupational and Environmental Health Research Group, University of Manchester, UK)

  • Andrew Pickles

    (Biostatistics Group, School of Community-Based Medicine, University of Manchester, UK)

Abstract

This paper illustrates how to estimate cumulative and non-cumulative treatment effects in a complex school-based smoking intervention study. The Instrumental Variable method is used to tackle non-compliance and measurement error for a range of treatment exposure measures (binary, ordinal and continuous) in the presence of clustering and drop-out. The results are compared to more routine analyses. The empirical findings from this study provide little encouragement for believing that poorly resourced school-based interventions can bring about substantial long-lasting reductions in smoking behaviour but that novel components such as a computer game might have some short-term effect.

Suggested Citation

  • Milena Falcaro & Andrew C. Povey & Anne Fielder & Elizabeth Nahit & Andrew Pickles, 2009. "Estimating Intervention Effects in a Complex Multi-Level Smoking Prevention Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 6(2), pages 1-15, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:6:y:2009:i:2:p:463-477:d:3924
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Imbens, Guido W & Angrist, Joshua D, 1994. "Identification and Estimation of Local Average Treatment Effects," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 62(2), pages 467-475, March.
    2. Aveyard, Paul & Markham, Wolfgang A & Almond, Joanne & Lancashire, Emma & Cheng, K. K., 2003. "The risk of smoking in relation to engagement with a school-based smoking intervention," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 56(4), pages 869-882, February.
    3. James Heckman, 1997. "Instrumental Variables: A Study of Implicit Behavioral Assumptions Used in Making Program Evaluations," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 32(3), pages 441-462.
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