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Housing Initiatives to Address Strep A Infections and Reduce RHD Risks in Remote Indigenous Communities in Australia

Author

Listed:
  • Nina Lansbury

    (School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia)

  • Paul C. Memmott

    (School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia)

  • Rosemary Wyber

    (Yardhura Walani, National Centre for Epidemiology and Public Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
    The Kids Research Institute, Perth, WA 6009, Australia)

  • Clarissa Burgen

    (Barkly Region Community, Tennant Creek, NT 0860, Australia)

  • Samuel K. Barnes

    (School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia)

  • Jessica Daw

    (The Kids Research Institute, Perth, WA 6009, Australia)

  • Jeffrey Cannon

    (The Kids Research Institute, Perth, WA 6009, Australia)

  • Asha C. Bowen

    (The Kids Research Institute, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
    Perth Children’s Hospital, Perth, WA 6009, Australia)

  • Rachel Burgess

    (The Kids Research Institute, Perth, WA 6009, Australia)

  • Patricia N. Frank

    (Barkly Region Community, Tennant Creek, NT 0860, Australia)

  • Andrew M. Redmond

    (School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
    Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia)

Abstract

Group A Streptococcus (Strep A) skin infections (impetigo) can contribute to the development of acute rheumatic fever (ARF) and rheumatic heart disease (RHD). This is of particular concern for Indigenous residents of remote communities, where rates of ARF and RHD are much higher than their urban and non-Indigenous counterparts. There are three main potential Strep A transmission pathways: skin to skin, surface to skin, and transmission through the air (via droplets or aerosols). Despite a lack of scientific certainty, the physical environment may be modified to prevent Strep A transmission through environmental health initiatives in the home, identifying a strong role for housing. This research sought to provide an outline of identified household-level environmental health initiatives to reduce or interrupt Strep A transmission along each of these pathways. The identified initiatives addressed the ability to wash bodies and clothes, to increase social distancing through improving the livability of yard spaces, and to increase ventilation in the home. To assist with future pilots and evaluation, an interactive costing tool was developed against each of these initiatives. If introduced and evaluated to be effective, the environmental health initiatives are likely to also interrupt other hygiene-related infections.

Suggested Citation

  • Nina Lansbury & Paul C. Memmott & Rosemary Wyber & Clarissa Burgen & Samuel K. Barnes & Jessica Daw & Jeffrey Cannon & Asha C. Bowen & Rachel Burgess & Patricia N. Frank & Andrew M. Redmond, 2024. "Housing Initiatives to Address Strep A Infections and Reduce RHD Risks in Remote Indigenous Communities in Australia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(9), pages 1-14, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:21:y:2024:i:9:p:1262-:d:1483928
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Pasqualina M Coffey & Anna P Ralph & Vicki L Krause, 2018. "The role of social determinants of health in the risk and prevention of group A streptococcal infection, acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease: A systematic review," PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(6), pages 1-22, June.
    2. Jeffrey C. Standen & Geoffrey G. Morgan & Tim Sowerbutts & Katrina Blazek & Jessica Gugusheff & Otto Puntsag & Michael Wollan & Paul Torzillo, 2020. "Prioritising Housing Maintenance to Improve Health in Indigenous Communities in NSW over 20 years," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-22, August.
    3. Shahmir H. Ali & Tim Foster & Nina Lansbury Hall, 2018. "The Relationship between Infectious Diseases and Housing Maintenance in Indigenous Australian Households," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-11, December.
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