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Depressive Symptoms of Public Health Medical Residents during the COVID-19 Pandemic, a Nation-Wide Survey: The PHRASI Study

Author

Listed:
  • Fabrizio Cedrone

    (Hospital Management, Local Health Authority of Pescara, 65100 Pescara, Italy
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Nausicaa Berselli

    (Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy)

  • Lorenzo Stacchini

    (Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Valentina De Nicolò

    (Department of Public Health and Infectious Disease, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy)

  • Marta Caminiti

    (Department of Medicine and Surgery—Sector of Public Health, University of Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy)

  • Angela Ancona

    (School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy)

  • Giuseppa Minutolo

    (Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy)

  • Clara Mazza

    (Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy)

  • Claudia Cosma

    (Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy)

  • Veronica Gallinoro

    (Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy)

  • Alessandro Catalini

    (Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60100 Ancona, Italy)

  • Vincenza Gianfredi

    (Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Pascal, 36, 20133 Milan, Italy
    CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, 6211 Maastricht, The Netherlands)

  • on behalf of the Working Group on “Public Mental Health” 2021/2022 of the Medical Residents’ Assembly of the Italian Society of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine

    (Membership of the Working Group is provided in the Acknowledgements)

Abstract

Depression is a widespread condition, which increased during the COVID-19 pandemic among healthcare workers as well. The large workload of the pandemic response also affected Public Health Residents (PHRs) who played an important role in infection prevention and control activities. This work aims to assess depression in Italian PHRs, based on data collected through the PHRASI (Public Health Residents’ Anonymous Survey in Italy) study. In 2022, 379 PHRs completed the self-administered questionnaire containing Patient Health Questionnaire-9 to evaluate clinically relevant depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 ≥ 10). Multivariate logistic regression shows that the intention (aOR = 3.925, 95% CI = (2.067–7.452)) and the uncertainty (aOR = 4.949, 95% CI = (1.872–13.086)) of repeating the test to enter another postgraduate school/general practitioner course and the simultaneous attendance of two traineeships (aOR = 1.832, 95% CI = (1.010–3.324)) are positively related with depressive symptoms. Conversely, the willingness to work in the current traineeship place (aOR = 0.456, 95% CI = (0.283–0.734)) emerged as a protective factor. Similar results were obtained considering mild-to-severe (PHQ-9 ≥ 5) depressive symptoms and/or stratifying by sex. The findings, suggesting the protective role of job satisfaction toward depression, might entail future interventions to improve the learning experience and promote work-life balance.

Suggested Citation

  • Fabrizio Cedrone & Nausicaa Berselli & Lorenzo Stacchini & Valentina De Nicolò & Marta Caminiti & Angela Ancona & Giuseppa Minutolo & Clara Mazza & Claudia Cosma & Veronica Gallinoro & Alessandro Cata, 2023. "Depressive Symptoms of Public Health Medical Residents during the COVID-19 Pandemic, a Nation-Wide Survey: The PHRASI Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(9), pages 1-18, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:9:p:5620-:d:1131222
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Matthew W. Ridley & Gautam Rao & Frank Schilbach & Vikram H. Patel, 2020. "Poverty, Depression, and Anxiety: Causal Evidence and Mechanisms," NBER Working Papers 27157, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
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    3. Alessandro Catalini & Clara Mazza & Claudia Cosma & Giuseppa Minutolo & Valentina De Nicolò & Veronica Gallinoro & Marta Caminiti & Angela Ancona & Lorenzo Stacchini & Nausicaa Berselli & Eleonora Fer, 2023. "Public Health Residents’ Anonymous Survey in Italy (PHRASI): Study Protocol for a Cross-Sectional Study for a Multidimensional Assessment of Mental Health and Its Determinants," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-15, January.
    4. Maurice MacDonald & Ronald Rindfuss, 1981. "Earnings, relative income, and family formation," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 18(2), pages 123-136, May.
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