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Physical, Psychiatric, and Social Comorbidities of Individuals with Schizophrenia Living in the Community in Japan

Author

Listed:
  • Masaaki Matsunaga

    (Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan)

  • Yuanying Li

    (Department of Public Health and Health Systems, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan)

  • Yupeng He

    (Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan)

  • Taro Kishi

    (Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan)

  • Shinichi Tanihara

    (Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Kurume University, Kurume 830-0011, Japan)

  • Nakao Iwata

    (Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan)

  • Takahiro Tabuchi

    (Cancer Control Center, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 541-8567, Japan)

  • Atsuhiko Ota

    (Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan)

Abstract

The physical, psychiatric, and social comorbidities interfere with the everyday activities of community-dwelling individuals with schizophrenia and increase the risk of their readmission. However, these comorbidities have not been investigated comprehensively in Japan. We conducted a self-reported internet survey in February 2022 to identify individuals aged 20–75 years with and without schizophrenia using a prevalence case-control study. The survey compared physical comorbidities such as being overweight, hypertension, and diabetes; psychiatric comorbidities such as depressive symptoms and sleep disturbances; social comorbidities such as employment status, household income, and social support between participants with and without schizophrenia. A total of 223 participants with schizophrenia and 1776 participants without schizophrenia were identified. Participants with schizophrenia were more likely to be overweight and had a higher prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia than participants without schizophrenia. Additionally, depressive symptoms, unemployment, and non-regular employment were more prevalent in participants with schizophrenia than those without schizophrenia. These results highlight the necessity of comprehensive support and interventions addressing physical, psychiatric, and social comorbidities in individuals with schizophrenia in the community. In conclusion, effective interventions for managing comorbidities in individuals with schizophrenia are necessary to enable them to continue to live in the community.

Suggested Citation

  • Masaaki Matsunaga & Yuanying Li & Yupeng He & Taro Kishi & Shinichi Tanihara & Nakao Iwata & Takahiro Tabuchi & Atsuhiko Ota, 2023. "Physical, Psychiatric, and Social Comorbidities of Individuals with Schizophrenia Living in the Community in Japan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-20, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:5:p:4336-:d:1083513
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mami Wakabayashi & Yoshifumi Sugiyama & Midori Takada & Aya Kinjo & Hiroyasu Iso & Takahiro Tabuchi, 2022. "Loneliness and Increased Hazardous Alcohol Use: Data from a Nationwide Internet Survey with 1-Year Follow-Up," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-13, September.
    2. Luis Gutiérrez-Rojas & Pablo Jose González-Domenech & Gema Junquera & Tate F. Halverson & Guillermo Lahera, 2021. "Functioning and Happiness in People with Schizophrenia: Analyzing the Role of Cognitive Impairment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-14, July.
    3. Rio Sasaki & Atsuhiko Ota & Hiroshi Yatsuya & Takahiro Tabuchi, 2022. "Gender Difference in Fear and Anxiety about and Perceived Susceptibility to COVID-19 in the Third Wave of Pandemic among the Japanese General Population: A Nationwide Web-Based Cross-Sectional Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-13, December.
    4. Grootaert Grootaert & Deepa Narayan & Veronica Nyhan Jones & Michael Woolcock, 2004. "Measuring Social Capital : An Integrated Questionnaire," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 15033.
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