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The Perceptions and Use of Urban Neighborhood Parks Since the Outbreak of COVID-19: A Case Study in South Korea

Author

Listed:
  • Jiku Lee

    (Department of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea)

  • Jinhyung Chon

    (OJEong Resilience Institute, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
    Division of Environmental Science & Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea)

  • Yujin Park

    (Department of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea)

  • Junga Lee

    (OJEong Resilience Institute, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
    Division of Environmental Science & Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea)

Abstract

As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, the stress of city dwellers is increasing, and some adapt to the pandemic by pursuing physical and psychological well-being in neighborhood parks. To improve the resilience of the social-ecological system against COVID-19, it is important to understand the mechanism of adaptation by examining the perception and use of neighborhood parks. The purpose of this study is to investigate users’ perceptions and use of urban neighborhood parks since the outbreak of COVID-19 in South Korea using systems thinking. To verify the hypotheses about the relationship between variables involved in COVID-19 adaptive feedback, two research objectives were set. First, this study determined the causal structure leading to park visits using systems thinking. Second, the relationship between stress, motivation, and the frequency of visits to neighborhood parks was empirically verified. To conduct the research, the system of use and perceptions of parks were analyzed through a causal loop diagram to determine the feedback between psychological variables. Then, a survey was conducted to verify the relationship between stress, motivation for visits, and visit frequency, which are the major variables derived from the causal structure. A total of three feedback loops were derived in the first step, including a loop in which COVID-19 stress was relieved by visits to parks and a loop in which COVID-19 stress worsened due to crowding in parks. Finally, the relationship of stress leading to park visits was confirmed, and the empirical analysis showed that anger about contagion and social disconnection were linked as motives for park visits, and that park visits were mainly motivated by the desire to go out. The neighborhood park functions as an adaptive space for the stress of COVID-19 and will maintain its role as social distancing becomes more important to various socio-ecological changes. The strategies driven by the pandemic can be adapted in park planning to recover from stress and improve resilience.

Suggested Citation

  • Jiku Lee & Jinhyung Chon & Yujin Park & Junga Lee, 2023. "The Perceptions and Use of Urban Neighborhood Parks Since the Outbreak of COVID-19: A Case Study in South Korea," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-16, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:5:p:4259-:d:1082514
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hyungun Sung & Woo-Ram Kim & Jiyeon Oh & Samsu Lee & Peter Sang-Hoon Lee, 2022. "Are All Urban Parks Robust to the COVID-19 Pandemic? Focusing on Type, Functionality, and Accessibility," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-15, May.
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    4. Katherine N. Irvine & Sara L. Warber & Patrick Devine-Wright & Kevin J. Gaston, 2013. "Understanding Urban Green Space as a Health Resource: A Qualitative Comparison of Visit Motivation and Derived Effects among Park Users in Sheffield, UK," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-26, January.
    5. Choi, K. & Choi, Hoyun & Kahng, B., 2022. "COVID-19 epidemic under the K-quarantine model: Network approach," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    6. Campbell, Lindsay K. & Svendsen, Erika S. & Sonti, Nancy F. & Johnson, Michelle L., 2016. "A social assessment of urban parkland: Analyzing park use and meaning to inform management and resilience planning," Environmental Science & Policy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 34-44.
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