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Motivation as a Measurable Outcome in Stroke Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Author

Listed:
  • Giulio Verrienti

    (Department of Neurorehabilitation, Casa di Cura Villa Verde, 73100 Lecce, Italy)

  • Cecilia Raccagni

    (Department of Neurology, Provincial Hospital of Bolzano (SABES-ASDAA), Lehrkrankenhaus der Paracelsus Medizinischen Privatuniversität, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
    Department of Neurology, Innsbruck Medical University, 6030 Innsbruck, Austria)

  • Ginevra Lombardozzi

    (Von Siebenthal Neuropsychiatric Clinic and Hospital, 00045 Rome, Italy)

  • Daniela De Bartolo

    (Smart Lab, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179 Rome, Italy)

  • Marco Iosa

    (Smart Lab, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179 Rome, Italy
    Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy)

Abstract

Motivated behaviours are thought to lead to enhanced performances. In the neurorehabilitation field, motivation has been demonstrated to be a link between cognition and motor performance, therefore playing an important role upon rehabilitation outcome determining factors. While motivation-enhancing interventions have been frequently investigated, a common and reliable motivation assessment strategy has not been established yet. This review aims to systematically explore and provide a comparison among the existing motivation assessment tools concerning stroke rehabilitation. For this purpose, a literature search (PubMed and Google Scholar) was performed, using the following Medical Subject Headings terms: “assessment” OR “scale” AND “motivation” AND “stroke” AND “rehabilitation”. In all, 31 randomized clinical trials and 15 clinical trials were examined. The existing assessment tools can be grouped into two categories: the first mirroring the trade-off between patients and rehabilitation, the latter reflecting the link between patients and interventions. Furthermore, we presented assessment tools which reflect participation level or apathy, as an indirect index of motivation. In conclusion, we are left to put forth a possible common motivation assessment strategy, which might provide valuable incentive to investigate in future research.

Suggested Citation

  • Giulio Verrienti & Cecilia Raccagni & Ginevra Lombardozzi & Daniela De Bartolo & Marco Iosa, 2023. "Motivation as a Measurable Outcome in Stroke Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review of the Literature," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-25, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:5:p:4187-:d:1081281
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hsiao-Mei Chen & Hsiao-Lu Lee & Fu-Chi Yang & Yi-Wen Chiu & Shu-Yuan Chao, 2020. "Effectiveness of Motivational Interviewing in Regard to Activities of Daily Living and Motivation for Rehabilitation among Stroke Patients," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-13, April.
    2. Elisa Cavicchiolo & Maurizio Sibilio & Fabio Lucidi & Mauro Cozzolino & Andrea Chirico & Laura Girelli & Sara Manganelli & Francesco Giancamilli & Federica Galli & Pierluigi Diotaiuti & Arnaldo Zelli , 2022. "The Psychometric Properties of the Behavioural Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire (BREQ-3): Factorial Structure, Invariance and Validity in the Italian Context," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-14, February.
    3. Ho-Jung An & Shin-Jun Park, 2021. "Effects of Animal-Assisted Therapy on Gait Performance, Respiratory Function, and Psychological Variables in Patients Post-Stroke," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-13, May.
    4. Taiki Yoshida & Yohei Otaka & Shin Kitamura & Kazuki Ushizawa & Masashi Kumagai & Yuto Kurihara & Jun Yaeda & Rieko Osu, 2022. "Development and validation of new evaluation scale for measuring stroke patients’ motivation for rehabilitation in rehabilitation wards," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 17(3), pages 1-17, March.
    5. Mohd Azzuan Ahmad & Devinder Kaur Ajit Singh & Nor Azlin Mohd Nordin & Khor Hooi Nee & Norliza Ibrahim, 2019. "Virtual Reality Games as an Adjunct in Improving Upper Limb Function and General Health among Stroke Survivors," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-9, December.
    6. Els Knippenberg & Ilse Lamers & Annick Timmermans & Annemie Spooren, 2021. "Motivation, Usability, and Credibility of an Intelligent Activity-Based Client-Centred Training System to Improve Functional Performance in Neurological Rehabilitation: An Exploratory Cohort Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-16, July.
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