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Impact of Social Isolation Due to COVID-19 on Daily Life Activities and Independence of People over 65: A Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Listed:
  • María Laura Frutos

    (Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba 5000, Argentina)

  • David Pérez Cruzado

    (Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain)

  • Dianna Lunsford

    (Health Sciences Faculty, Occupational Therapy Department, Gannon University, Ruskin, FL 33573, USA)

  • Santiago García Orza

    (Hospital Comarcal de la Axarquía, 29700 Vélez-Málaga, Spain
    FE-17 HandResearchGroup IBIMA, 29590 Málaga, Spain)

  • Raquel Cantero-Téllez

    (Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
    FE-17 HandResearchGroup IBIMA, 29590 Málaga, Spain)

Abstract

The mandatory confinement caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected the older adult population. The main objective of this study is to assess independence in basic activities of daily living (BADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADDL) of people over 65 years of age during social, preventive, and compulsory isolation due to COVID-19, identifying and quantifying the activities of personal independence that present difficulties in their execution. Design: A cross-sectional study. Settings: Private’s health insurance Hospital, Córdoba, Argentina. Participants: A total of 193 participants with mean age of 76.56 years (121 women and 72 men) who met inclusion criteria were included in the study. Interventions: A personal interview was conducted between July and December 2020. Sociodemographic data were collected, and perceived independence was assessed. Outcomes measures: The Barthel index and the Lawton and Brody scale were used to assess independence of basic and instrumental activities of daily living. Results: Minimal limitations were noted with function. The activities that represented the greatest difficulties were going up and down stairs (22%) and moving around (18%), and the greatest difficulties in instrumental activities of daily living were shopping (22%) and preparing food (15%). Conclusions: COVID-19 has caused isolation, leading to functional limitations for many, especially older adults. Perceived declines in function and mobility may lead to decreased independence and safety for the older adult; therefore, preventative planning and programming should be considered.

Suggested Citation

  • María Laura Frutos & David Pérez Cruzado & Dianna Lunsford & Santiago García Orza & Raquel Cantero-Téllez, 2023. "Impact of Social Isolation Due to COVID-19 on Daily Life Activities and Independence of People over 65: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-11, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:5:p:4177-:d:1080968
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Raul Antunes & Roberta Frontini & Nuno Amaro & Rogério Salvador & Rui Matos & Pedro Morouço & Ricardo Rebelo-Gonçalves, 2020. "Exploring Lifestyle Habits, Physical Activity, Anxiety and Basic Psychological Needs in a Sample of Portuguese Adults during COVID-19," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-13, June.
    2. María-Victoria Zunzunegui & Beatriz E. Alvarado & Teodoro Del Ser & Angel Otero, 2003. "Social Networks, Social Integration, and Social Engagement Determine Cognitive Decline in Community-Dwelling Spanish Older Adults," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 58(2), pages 93-100.
    3. Verena H. Menec, 2003. "The Relation Between Everyday Activities and Successful Aging: A 6-Year Longitudinal Study," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 58(2), pages 74-82.
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