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Dementia and COVID-19 among Older African American Adults: A Scoping Review of Healthcare Access and Resources

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  • Idorenyin Imoh Udoh

    (Rehabilitation and Health Services, University of North Texas, Chilton Hall, 410 Avenue C, Suite 289, Denton, TX 76201, USA)

  • Elias Mpofu

    (Rehabilitation and Health Services, University of North Texas, Chilton Hall, 410 Avenue C, Suite 289, Denton, TX 76201, USA
    School of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
    Educational Psychology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa)

  • Gayle Prybutok

    (Rehabilitation and Health Services, University of North Texas, Chilton Hall, 410 Avenue C, Suite 289, Denton, TX 76201, USA)

Abstract

African American/Black communities comprise 12.2% of the U.S. population, with a COVID-19 infection rate of more than 18% and marginal access to healthcare services. This scoping review synthesizes the emerging evidence on healthcare accessibility among older African American adult communities with dementia and COVID-19, as well as the resource requirements for this population during the pandemic. Searches of different databases for empirical studies and other sources on dementia and COVID-19 among older African American adults yielded 13 studies that met the following inclusion criteria: (a) focus on dementia and COVID-19, (b) sampled older African American adults, (c) investigated healthcare accessibility and resources, and (d) published between 2019 and 2022. Following the initial selection of the studies, eight were selected for relevance based on the Population, Concept, and Context (PCC) inclusion and exclusion criteria. Thematic analysis indicated that older African Americans with dementia and COVID-19 experienced longer delays in accessing timely healthcare, including transportation, intensive care units (ICUs), and mechanical ventilation. They also had reduced healthcare resources associated with a lack of health insurance, low financial resources, and an increased length of hospital stay, which further aggravated the negative effects of comorbid dementia and COVID-19 infections. Evidence showed that racial and age disparities affected older African American adults with dementia and COVID-19, resulting in lower healthcare access and marginal resources. This is consistent with historical and systemic inequities in meeting the healthcare needs of people of color in the United States, which was compounded for older African Americans during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Suggested Citation

  • Idorenyin Imoh Udoh & Elias Mpofu & Gayle Prybutok, 2023. "Dementia and COVID-19 among Older African American Adults: A Scoping Review of Healthcare Access and Resources," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-15, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:4:p:3494-:d:1070695
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Marc A Garcia & Patricia A Homan & Catherine García & Tyson H Brown & Deborah S Carr, 2021. "The Color of COVID-19: Structural Racism and the Disproportionate Impact of the Pandemic on Older Black and Latinx Adults [Racial disparities in mortality in the adult Hispanic population]," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 76(3), pages 75-80.
    2. Clarissa Giebel & Caroline Sutcliffe & Frances Darlington-Pollock & Mark A. Green & Asan Akpan & Julie Dickinson & James Watson & Mark Gabbay, 2021. "Health Inequities in the Care Pathways for People Living with Young- and Late-Onset Dementia: From Pre-COVID-19 to Early Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(2), pages 1-12, January.
    3. Joanne Brooke & Camille Cronin & Marlon Stiell & Omorogieva Ojo, 2018. "The intersection of culture in the provision of dementia care: A systematic review," Journal of Clinical Nursing, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 27(17-18), pages 3241-3253, September.
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