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Job Demands, Work Functioning and Mental Health in Dutch Nursing Home Staff during the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Cross-Sectional Multilevel Study

Author

Listed:
  • Ylse van Dijk

    (Department of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 AD Groningen, The Netherlands)

  • Sarah I. M. Janus

    (Department of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 AD Groningen, The Netherlands)

  • Michiel R. de Boer

    (Department of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 AD Groningen, The Netherlands)

  • Wilco P. Achterberg

    (Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands)

  • Corne A. M. Roelen

    (Department of Health Sciences, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 AD Groningen, The Netherlands)

  • Sytse U. Zuidema

    (Department of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 AD Groningen, The Netherlands)

Abstract

COVID-19 posed enormous challenges for nursing home staff, which may have caused stress and mental health problems. This study aimed to measure the prevalence of mental health problems among nursing home staff and investigate the differences in job demands, work functioning and mental health between staff with and without COVID contact or COVID infection and across different levels of COVID worries. In this cross-sectional study, 1669 employees from 10 nursing home organizations filled in an online questionnaire between June and September 2020. The questionnaire measured the participants’ characteristics, COVID contact, infection and worries, job demands, work functioning, depressive symptoms and burnout. Differences were investigated with multilevel models to account for clustering at the organization level. Of the participants, 19.1% had high levels of depressive symptoms and 22.2% burnout. Job demands, work functioning, depressive symptoms and burnout differed between participants who never worried and participants who often or always worried about the COVID crisis. Differences were smaller for participants with and without COVID contact or infection. Most models improved when clustering was accounted for. Nursing homes should be aware of the impact of COVID worries on job demands, work functioning and mental health, both at the individual and organizational level.

Suggested Citation

  • Ylse van Dijk & Sarah I. M. Janus & Michiel R. de Boer & Wilco P. Achterberg & Corne A. M. Roelen & Sytse U. Zuidema, 2022. "Job Demands, Work Functioning and Mental Health in Dutch Nursing Home Staff during the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Cross-Sectional Multilevel Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(7), pages 1-12, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:7:p:4379-:d:787574
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Georgia Libera Finstad & Gabriele Giorgi & Lucrezia Ginevra Lulli & Caterina Pandolfi & Giulia Foti & José M. León-Perez & Francisco J. Cantero-Sánchez & Nicola Mucci, 2021. "Resilience, Coping Strategies and Posttraumatic Growth in the Workplace Following COVID-19: A Narrative Review on the Positive Aspects of Trauma," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-25, September.
    2. Leon T. de Beer & Wilmar B. Schaufeli & Hans De Witte & Jari J. Hakanen & Akihito Shimazu & Jürgen Glaser & Christian Seubert & Janine Bosak & Jorge Sinval & Maksim Rudnev, 2020. "Measurement Invariance of the Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT) Across Seven Cross-National Representative Samples," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(15), pages 1-14, August.
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