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Predictors of the Occupational Burnout of Healthcare Workers in Poland during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study

Author

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  • Katarzyna Szwamel

    (Institute of Health Sciences, University of Opole, Katowicka 68 Street, 45-060 Opole, Poland)

  • Antonina Kaczorowska

    (Institute of Health Sciences, University of Opole, Katowicka 68 Street, 45-060 Opole, Poland)

  • Ewelina Lepsy

    (Institute of Health Sciences, University of Opole, Katowicka 68 Street, 45-060 Opole, Poland)

  • Agata Mroczek

    (Institute of Health Sciences, University of Opole, Katowicka 68 Street, 45-060 Opole, Poland)

  • Magdalena Golachowska

    (Institute of Health Sciences, University of Opole, Katowicka 68 Street, 45-060 Opole, Poland)

  • Ewa Mazur

    (Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology in Katowice, 40-555 Katowice, Poland)

  • Mariusz Panczyk

    (Department of Education and Research in Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, Litewska 14/16, 00-581 Warsaw, Poland)

Abstract

The study aims at analysing the occupational burnout phenomenon, the level of anxiety and depression, as well as the quality of life (QOL) of healthcare workers (HCW) during the COVID-19 pandemic. There were 497 healthcare workers examined across Poland. The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS) and World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument Short Form (WHOQOL BREF) were used. A total of 71.63% (356) of the respondents presented high and moderate levels of emotional exhaustion during the pandemic, 71.43% (355) reported low and moderate job satisfaction levels, whereas 40.85% (203) displayed high and moderate levels of depersonalization. A group of 62.57% ( n = 311) demonstrated clear or borderline states of anxiety disorders, while 38.83% ( n = 193) suffered from depression or its borderline symptoms. Direct predictors of occupational burnout included: escalating depression; quality of life domains such as the physical, psychological and social; being provided personal protective equipment (PPE) by an employer; age; medical profession; and material status. Emotional exhaustion appeared to be much higher in nursing and ‘other’ medical professionals than in physiotherapists ( p = 0.023). In the times of pandemic, the occupational burnout prophylaxis ought to be focused on early recognition of depression like symptoms and their treatment, as well as providing the staff with PPE and satisfying earnings.

Suggested Citation

  • Katarzyna Szwamel & Antonina Kaczorowska & Ewelina Lepsy & Agata Mroczek & Magdalena Golachowska & Ewa Mazur & Mariusz Panczyk, 2022. "Predictors of the Occupational Burnout of Healthcare Workers in Poland during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-21, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:6:p:3634-:d:774604
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    Cited by:

    1. Natalia Budzyńska & Joanna Moryś, 2023. "Anxiety and Depression Levels and Coping Strategies among Polish Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-16, February.
    2. Katarzyna Tomaszewska & Bożena Majchrowicz & Katarzyna Snarska & Donata Telega, 2022. "Stress and Occupational Burnout of Nurses Working with COVID-19 Patients," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-13, October.
    3. Katarzyna Tomaszewska & Bożena Majchrowicz & Katarzyna Snarska & Beata Guzak, 2023. "Psychosocial Burden and Quality of Life of Surveyed Nurses during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(2), pages 1-11, January.
    4. Katarzyna Gustavsson & Zuzanna Goetz-Kundera & Magdalena Flaga-Łuczkiewicz & Adam Wichniak, 2023. "Which Aspects of Work Safety Satisfaction Are Important to Mental Health of Healthcare Workers during COVID-19 Pandemic in Poland?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-9, February.

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