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Weight Gain and Change in Body Mass Index after Age 20 in the Brazilian Population and Associated Sociodemographic Factors: Data from the National Health Survey

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  • Nathalia A. B. Souza

    (Postgraduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, Brazil)

  • Karina A. Rimes-Dias

    (Postgraduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, Brazil)

  • Janaina C. Costa

    (International Center for Equity in Health, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96020-220, Brazil)

  • Daniela S. Canella

    (Department of Applied Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, Brazil)

Abstract

Obesity is considered one of the main contemporary public health problems. We aim to assess changes in body weight and nutritional status in adulthood and the associated sociodemographic variables. We use data from the 2013 National Health Survey ( n = 21,743). Changes in weight and body mass index (BMI) were calculated based on mean difference between measurements at age 20 and data collected at the interview, stratified by sex. The association was analyzed using linear regression. Mean weight gain was greater among women than men. The largest gain was verified among the younger adults for both sexes. Age was found to be associated with weight and BMI change in men and women where, for every additional year of age, there was an increase in weight and BMI of 0.10 kg and 0.04 kg/m 2 in men and of 0.22 kg and 0.09 kg/m 2 in women, respectively. For education, a direct association was found for men and an inverse for women. Association with area of residence was significant among males only, where rural men gained less than their urban counterparts. Weight gain was progressive, being more marked in the younger group, and was associated with education differently according to sex.

Suggested Citation

  • Nathalia A. B. Souza & Karina A. Rimes-Dias & Janaina C. Costa & Daniela S. Canella, 2022. "Weight Gain and Change in Body Mass Index after Age 20 in the Brazilian Population and Associated Sociodemographic Factors: Data from the National Health Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-14, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:5:p:2851-:d:761638
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gee, G.C. & Ro, A. & Gavin, A. & Takeuchi, D.T., 2008. "Disentangling the effects of racial and weight discrimination on body mass index and obesity among Asian Americans," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 98(3), pages 493-500.
    2. Adela Hruby & Frank Hu, 2015. "The Epidemiology of Obesity: A Big Picture," PharmacoEconomics, Springer, vol. 33(7), pages 673-689, July.
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