IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v21y2024i8p1022-d1449180.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Obesity and Associated Factors in Brazilian Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Representative Studies

Author

Listed:
  • Cecilia Alcantara Braga Garcia

    (Faculty of Medical Sciences of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-110, MG, Brazil)

  • Karina Cardoso Meira

    (School of Health, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil)

  • Alessandra Hubner Souza

    (Faculty of Medical Sciences of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-110, MG, Brazil)

  • Ana Laura de Grossi Oliveira

    (Graduate Program in Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil)

  • Nathalia Sernizon Guimarães

    (Department of Nutrition, School of Nursing, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil)

Abstract

To review the literature and select population-based studies that are representative of Brazilian capitals or Brazil as a whole to estimate the prevalence of obesity among Brazilian adults. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) were used. The search was conducted in six databases and reference lists of included studies. We included observational studies but excluded interventional studies, reviews, in vitro studies, and editorials. The study population consisted of young adults and adults (18 to 59 years old). Adolescents, infants, children, the elderly, and pregnant women were excluded. The primary outcomes were the prevalence of obesity among Brazilian adults, both men and women. The secondary outcomes were factors associated with obesity. The meta-analysis was performed using Rstudio software, version 4.1.0, by using the ‘Meta’ package, version 5.0-0. The search strategy identified 5634 references, of which 19 studies and 21 national surveys were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of obesity in Brazilian adults was 20.0% (95% CI: 14.0–25.0%) while in the capitals it was 17.0% (95% CI: 16.0–19.0%). Across the regions of Brazil, the prevalence ranged from 11.0% to 17.0%, with the highest frequency in the south. Increases in obesity prevalence were observed for both sexes in almost all periods, with consistently higher rates among women in most cases. The prevalence of obesity among Brazilian adults is high, with no statistically significant differences found in the subgroup analysis.

Suggested Citation

  • Cecilia Alcantara Braga Garcia & Karina Cardoso Meira & Alessandra Hubner Souza & Ana Laura de Grossi Oliveira & Nathalia Sernizon Guimarães, 2024. "Obesity and Associated Factors in Brazilian Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Representative Studies," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(8), pages 1-23, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:21:y:2024:i:8:p:1022-:d:1449180
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/21/8/1022/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/21/8/1022/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Adela Hruby & Frank Hu, 2015. "The Epidemiology of Obesity: A Big Picture," PharmacoEconomics, Springer, vol. 33(7), pages 673-689, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Kim, Youngmi & Lee, Haenim & Park, Aely, 2020. "Adverse childhood experiences, economic hardship, and obesity: Differences by gender," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 116(C).
    2. Wendy Hens & Dirk Vissers & Nick Verhaeghe & Jan Gielen & Luc Van Gaal & Jan Taeymans, 2021. "Unsupervised Exercise Training Was Not Found to Improve the Metabolic Health or Phenotype over a 6-Month Dietary Intervention: A Randomised Controlled Trial with an Embedded Economic Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(15), pages 1-13, July.
    3. Cezary Wojtyla & Pawel Stanirowski & Pawel Gutaj & Michal Ciebiera & Andrzej Wojtyla, 2021. "Perinatal Outcomes in a Population of Diabetic and Obese Pregnant Women—The Results of the Polish National Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(2), pages 1-14, January.
    4. Arnulf Josef Hartl & Johanna Freidl & Daniela Huber, 2023. "Effects of Alpine Natural Health Resources on Human Health and Wellbeing," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(12), pages 1-3, June.
    5. Rafael M. Tassitano & Robert G. Weaver & Maria Cecília M. Tenório & Keith Brazendale & Michael W. Beets, 2020. "Clusters of non-dietary obesogenic behaviors among adolescents in Brazil: a latent profile analysis," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 65(6), pages 881-891, July.
    6. Ivan Parise & Penelope Abbott & Steven Trankle, 2021. "Drivers to Obesity—A Study of the Association between Time Spent Commuting Daily and Obesity in the Nepean Blue Mountains Area," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(1), pages 1-14, December.
    7. Sinead O’Mahony & Clare B. O’Donovan & Nuala Collins & Kevin Burke & Gerardine Doyle & Eileen R. Gibney, 2023. "Reformulation of Processed Yogurt and Breakfast Cereals over Time: A Scoping Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-15, February.
    8. Manou Anselma & Mai Jeanette Maidy Chinapaw & Teatske Maria Altenburg, 2018. "Determinants of Child Health Behaviors in a Disadvantaged Area from a Community Perspective: A Participatory Needs Assessment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-14, March.
    9. Silvia Coronado-Ferrer & Antonia Ferrer-Sapena & Rafael Aleixandre-Benavent & Juan Carlos Valderrama Zurián & Lourdes Castelló Cogollos, 2022. "Global Trends in Scientific Research on Pediatric Obesity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-15, January.
    10. Rafael M. Tassitano & Robert G. Weaver & Maria Cecília M. Tenório & Keith Brazendale & Michael W. Beets, 0. "Clusters of non-dietary obesogenic behaviors among adolescents in Brazil: a latent profile analysis," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 0, pages 1-11.
    11. Nathalia A. B. Souza & Karina A. Rimes-Dias & Janaina C. Costa & Daniela S. Canella, 2022. "Weight Gain and Change in Body Mass Index after Age 20 in the Brazilian Population and Associated Sociodemographic Factors: Data from the National Health Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-14, March.
    12. Hongli Li & Yuanzhong Xu & Yanyan Jiang & Zhiying Jiang & Joshua Otiz-Guzman & Jessie C. Morrill & Jing Cai & Zhengmei Mao & Yong Xu & Benjamin R. Arenkiel & Cheng Huang & Qingchun Tong, 2023. "The melanocortin action is biased toward protection from weight loss in mice," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-16, December.
    13. Pallavi Kompella & Guliang Wang & Russell E. Durrett & Yanhao Lai & Celeste Marin & Yuan Liu & Samy L. Habib & John DiGiovanni & Karen M. Vasquez, 2024. "Obesity increases genomic instability at DNA repeat-mediated endogenous mutation hotspots," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-18, December.
    14. Alessio Pellegrino & Samuele Bacci & Francesco Guido & Andrea Zoppi & Loira Toncelli & Laura Stefani & Maria Boddi & Alessandra Modesti & Pietro Amedeo Modesti, 2023. "Interaction between Geographical Areas and Family Environment of Dietary Habits, Physical Activity, Nutritional Knowledge and Obesity of Adolescents," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(2), pages 1-9, January.
    15. Claire Beale & Erica L. Rauff & Wendy J. O’Brien & Sarah P. Shultz & Philip W. Fink & Rozanne Kruger, 2020. "Are all Sedentary Behaviors Equal? An Examination of Sedentary Behavior and Associations with Indicators of Disease Risk Factors in Women," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-13, April.
    16. Hui Chin Koo & Lay Kim Tan & Geok Pei Lim & Chee Cheong Kee & Mohd Azahadi Omar, 2023. "Obesity and Its Association with Undiagnosed Diabetes Mellitus, High Blood Pressure and Hypercholesterolemia in the Malaysian Adult Population: A National Cross-Sectional Study Using NHMS Data," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-18, February.
    17. LesLee Funderburk & Thomas Cardaci & Andrew Fink & Keyanna Taylor & Jane Rohde & Debra Harris, 2020. "Healthy Behaviors through Behavioral Design–Obesity Prevention," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-19, July.
    18. Jongnam Hwang & Eun-Young Lee & Chung Gun Lee, 2019. "Measuring Socioeconomic Inequalities in Obesity among Korean Adults, 1998–2015," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-14, May.
    19. Matthew A. Cottam & Heather L. Caslin & Nathan C. Winn & Alyssa H. Hasty, 2022. "Multiomics reveals persistence of obesity-associated immune cell phenotypes in adipose tissue during weight loss and weight regain in mice," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-16, December.
    20. Talita Monsores Paixão & Liliane Reis Teixeira & Carlos Augusto Ferreira de Andrade & Debora Sepulvida & Martha Martinez-Silveira & Camila Nunes & Carlos Eduardo Gomes Siqueira, 2023. "Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components in Latino Immigrants to the USA," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(2), pages 1-33, January.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:21:y:2024:i:8:p:1022-:d:1449180. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.