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Perinatal Outcomes in a Population of Diabetic and Obese Pregnant Women—The Results of the Polish National Survey

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  • Cezary Wojtyla

    (International Prevention Research Institute—Collaborating Centre, Calisia University, 62-800 Kalisz, Poland
    Club 35, Polish Society of Gynecologists and Obstetricians, 02-677 Warsaw, Poland
    Department of Oncological Gynecology and Obstetrics, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 00-416 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Pawel Stanirowski

    (Club 35, Polish Society of Gynecologists and Obstetricians, 02-677 Warsaw, Poland
    First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-015 Warsaw, Poland
    Equal contributors.)

  • Pawel Gutaj

    (Club 35, Polish Society of Gynecologists and Obstetricians, 02-677 Warsaw, Poland
    Department of Reproduction, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, St, 60-535 Poznan, Poland
    Equal contributors.)

  • Michal Ciebiera

    (Club 35, Polish Society of Gynecologists and Obstetricians, 02-677 Warsaw, Poland
    Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland
    Equal contributors.)

  • Andrzej Wojtyla

    (World Institute for Family Health, Calisia University, 62-800 Kalisz, Poland)

Abstract

Obesity and diabetes increase the risk of complications during gestation and at delivery. The aim of this study was to compare the perinatal outcomes in the populations of diabetic and obese Polish women, based on the results of a national survey performed in years 2012 and 2017, as well as to determine the risk factors of the gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Questionnaires from 6276 women were collected. Obese women constituted 5.5% and 7.5% of study population in years 2012 and 2017, respectively. Among women whose pregnancies were complicated by diabetes mellitus, GDM constituted the most common type of glucose intolerance during both time periods (2012: 89% vs. 2017: 85.6%). In the group of obese women an insignificant increase in the rate of induced deliveries was noted (2012: 9.9% vs. 2017: 11.7%), whereas the fetal birth-weight decreased significantly (2012: 3565 g vs. 2017: 3405 g, p < 0.05). In the group of diabetic pregnant women the percentage of cesarean sections, labour inductions and fetal birth defects was characterized by an insignificant upward trend. Risk of GDM was significantly increased in women aged over 35 years—(2012: OR 1.9 (95% CI: 1.1–2.9) and 2017: OR = 2.1 (95% CI: 1.5–2.9), p < 0.05—, as well as in overweight women—2012: OR 1.8 (95% CI: 1.2–2.7) and 2017: OR 2.6 (95% CI: 1.9–3.4), p < 0.05—during both analysed time periods. Based on the study results, it is necessary to develop population-based programmes to prevent obesity and to introduce and enforce the rules of appropriate screening for glucose tolerance disorders during pregnancy.

Suggested Citation

  • Cezary Wojtyla & Pawel Stanirowski & Pawel Gutaj & Michal Ciebiera & Andrzej Wojtyla, 2021. "Perinatal Outcomes in a Population of Diabetic and Obese Pregnant Women—The Results of the Polish National Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(2), pages 1-14, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:2:p:560-:d:478462
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    5. Smith, G.C.S. & Shah, I. & Pell, J.P. & Crossley, J.A. & Dobbie, R., 2007. "Maternal obesity in early pregnancy and risk of spontaneous and elective preterm deliveries: A retrospective cohort study," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 97(1), pages 157-162.
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    1. Dominik Franciszek Dłuski & Monika Ruszała & Gracjan Rudziński & Kinga Pożarowska & Kinga Brzuszkiewicz & Bożena Leszczyńska-Gorzelak, 2022. "Evolution of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus across Continents in 21st Century," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-32, November.

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