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Effect of Wastewater Treatment on Bacterial Community, Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Endoparasites

Author

Listed:
  • Ingrid Papajová

    (Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia)

  • Júlia Šmigová

    (Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia)

  • Gabriela Gregová

    (Department of Public Veterinary Medicine and Animal Welfare, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia)

  • Jindřich Šoltys

    (Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia)

  • Ján Venglovský

    (Department of Public Veterinary Medicine and Animal Welfare, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia)

  • Ján Papaj

    (Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Technical University in Košice, 042 00 Košice, Slovakia)

  • Tatiana Szabóová

    (Department of Public Veterinary Medicine and Animal Welfare, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia)

  • Nikola Dančová

    (Department of Public Veterinary Medicine and Animal Welfare, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia)

  • Lukáš Ihnacik

    (Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
    Department of Public Veterinary Medicine and Animal Welfare, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia)

  • Ingrid Schusterová

    (1st Department of Cardiology, East Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, A Joint-Stock Company St., 040 11 Košice, Slovakia)

  • Jana Sušinková

    (Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia)

  • Jana Raková

    (Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia)

  • Ivana Regecová

    (Department of Food Hygiene, Technology and Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia)

Abstract

Wastewater and wastewater treatment plants serve as urban reservoirs of pathogenic microorganisms. Wastewaters frequently contain bacteria, antibiotic-resistant bacteria, and developmental stages of parasites with significant zoonotic potential. Five wastewater treatment plants in the central part of Slovakia were investigated to determine the effect of treatment on bacterial community, antibiotic-resistant bacteria, and the occurrence of helminth eggs. Although all monitored chemical factors (chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand, N-NH4, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus) in the effluent were in line with the legislative standards for discharge into public waterways, the results of minimal inhibitory concentrations show that reclaimed water harbors E. coli resistant to several commonly used antibiotics (ampicillin, piperacillin, and tazobactam, combine ampicillin and sulbactam, cefotaxime, tetracycline). The presence of endoparasite developmental stages in wastewater and sludge ( Ascaris spp., Hymenolepis nana , eggs from the Ancylostomatidae family, Giardia duodenalis ) indicates potential health risks for humans and workers at these sites. Treatment such as composting before applying sludge to land is necessary to reduce human pathogens.

Suggested Citation

  • Ingrid Papajová & Júlia Šmigová & Gabriela Gregová & Jindřich Šoltys & Ján Venglovský & Ján Papaj & Tatiana Szabóová & Nikola Dančová & Lukáš Ihnacik & Ingrid Schusterová & Jana Sušinková & Jana Rakov, 2022. "Effect of Wastewater Treatment on Bacterial Community, Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Endoparasites," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-14, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:5:p:2750-:d:759765
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Anthony I. Okoh & Thulani Sibanda & Siyabulela S. Gusha, 2010. "Inadequately Treated Wastewater as a Source of Human Enteric Viruses in the Environment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 7(6), pages 1-18, June.
    2. Kyle Onda & Joe LoBuglio & Jamie Bartram, 2012. "Global Access to Safe Water: Accounting for Water Quality and the Resulting Impact on MDG Progress," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 9(3), pages 1-15, March.
    3. Toze, Simon, 2006. "Reuse of effluent water--benefits and risks," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 80(1-3), pages 147-159, February.
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