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Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: From Symptoms to Treatment

Author

Listed:
  • Giannicola Iannella

    (Department of ‘Organi di Senso’, University “Sapienza”, Viale dell’Università, 33, 00185 Rome, Italy)

  • Giuseppe Magliulo

    (Department of ‘Organi di Senso’, University “Sapienza”, Viale dell’Università, 33, 00185 Rome, Italy)

  • Antonio Greco

    (Department of ‘Organi di Senso’, University “Sapienza”, Viale dell’Università, 33, 00185 Rome, Italy)

  • Marco de Vincentiis

    (Department of ‘Organi di Senso’, University “Sapienza”, Viale dell’Università, 33, 00185 Rome, Italy)

  • Massimo Ralli

    (Department of ‘Organi di Senso’, University “Sapienza”, Viale dell’Università, 33, 00185 Rome, Italy)

  • Antonino Maniaci

    (Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “GF Ingrassia”, ENT Section, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 78, 95125 Catania, Italy)

  • Annalisa Pace

    (Department of ‘Organi di Senso’, University “Sapienza”, Viale dell’Università, 33, 00185 Rome, Italy)

  • Claudio Vicini

    (Department of Head-Neck Surgery, Otolaryngology, Head-Neck and Oral Surgery Unit, Morgagni Pierantoni Hospital, Via Carlo Forlanini, 34, 47121 Forlì, Italy
    Department ENT & Audiology, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola, 9, 44121 Ferrara, Italy)

Abstract

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome is a respiratory sleep disorder characterized by partial or complete recurrent episodes of upper airway collapse that occur during the night. The OSA manifests with a reduction (hypopnea) or complete cessation (apnea) of airflow in the upper airways, associated with breathing effort. OSA is a frequent and often underestimated pathology affecting between 2 and 5% of the middle-aged population. Typical nocturnal symptoms are the persistent snoring and awakenings with dyspnea sensation. On the other hand, diurnal symptoms could be sleepiness, headaches, asthenia, neurological disorders, and impaired personal relationships. Surgery of the velo-pharyngeal region had a huge evolution going from ablative techniques (UP3 and LAUP) to remodeling techniques of the pharyngeal lateral walls.

Suggested Citation

  • Giannicola Iannella & Giuseppe Magliulo & Antonio Greco & Marco de Vincentiis & Massimo Ralli & Antonino Maniaci & Annalisa Pace & Claudio Vicini, 2022. "Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: From Symptoms to Treatment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-3, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:4:p:2459-:d:754272
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Michele Arigliani & Domenico M. Toraldo & Filippo Montevecchi & Luana Conte & Lorenzo Galasso & Filippo De Rosa & Caterina Lattante & Enrico Ciavolino & Caterina Arigliani & Antonio Palumbo & Michele , 2020. "A New Technological Advancement of the Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) Procedure: The “All in One Glance” Strategy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-11, June.
    2. Saif Mashaqi & Salma Imran Patel & Daniel Combs & Lauren Estep & Sonia Helmick & Joan Machamer & Sairam Parthasarathy, 2021. "The Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation as a Novel Therapy for Treating Obstructive Sleep Apnea—A Literature Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-24, February.
    3. Giannicola Iannella & Claudio Vicini & Antonella Polimeni & Antonio Greco & Riccardo Gobbi & Filippo Montevecchi & Andrea De Vito & Giuseppe Meccariello & Giovanni Cammaroto & Giovanni D’Agostino & An, 2019. "Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Diagnosis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients Using the Pepsin Salivary Test," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-10, June.
    4. Huan-Yu Lin & Yi-Chih Lin & Ying-Shuo Hsu & Liang-Chun Shih & Tyler Nelson & Wen-Dien Chang & Yung-An Tsou, 2020. "Comparison of Findings between Clinical Examinations and Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-11, August.
    5. Marcello Bosi & Andrea De Vito & Danny Eckert & Joerg Steier & Bhik Kotecha & Claudio Vicini & Venerino Poletti, 2020. "Qualitative Phenotyping of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Its Clinical Usefulness for the Sleep Specialist," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-15, March.
    6. Giannicola Iannella & Giuseppe Magliulo & Cristina Anna Maria Lo Iacono & Giulia Bianchi & Antonella Polimeni & Antonio Greco & Andrea De Vito & Giuseppe Meccariello & Giovanni Cammaroto & Riccardo Go, 2020. "Positional Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome in Elderly Patients," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-12, February.
    7. Monika Kosacka & Anna Brzecka, 2021. "Endothelin-1 and LOX-1 as Markers of Endothelial Dysfunction in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(3), pages 1-9, February.
    8. Marina Carrasco-Llatas & Carlos O’Connor-Reina & Christian Calvo-Henríquez, 2021. "The Role of Myofunctional Therapy in Treating Sleep-Disordered Breathing: A State-of-the-Art Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-12, July.
    9. Giovanni Cammaroto & Luigi Marco Stringa & Luca Cerritelli & Giulia Bianchi & Giuseppe Meccariello & Riccardo Gobbi & Giannicola Iannella & Giuseppe Magliulo & Henry Zhang & Ahmed Yassin Baghat & Fran, 2020. "Acquired Nasopharyngeal Stenosis Correction Using a Modified Palatal Flaps Technique in Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) Patients," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-9, March.
    10. Michele Arigliani & Domenico M. Toraldo & Enrico Ciavolino & Caterina Lattante & Luana Conte & Serena Arima & Caterina Arigliani & Antonio Palumbo & Michele De Benedetto, 2021. "The Use of Middle Latency Auditory Evoked Potentials (MLAEP) as Methodology for Evaluating Sedation Level in Propofol-Drug Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) Procedure," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-12, February.
    11. Giannicola Iannella & Bianca Vallicelli & Giuseppe Magliulo & Giovanni Cammaroto & Giuseppe Meccariello & Andrea De Vito & Antonio Greco & Stefano Pelucchi & Rossella Sgarzani & Ruggero Massimo Corso , 2020. "Long-Term Subjective Outcomes of Barbed Reposition Pharyngoplasty for Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Treatment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-11, February.
    12. Ming-Feng Wu & Yu-Hsuan Chen & Hui-Chen Chen & Wei-Chang Huang, 2020. "Interactions among Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Severity, Sex, and Obesity on Circulatory Inflammatory Biomarkers in Patients with Suspected Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: A Retrospective, Cros," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(13), pages 1-13, June.
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    1. Chiara Stipa & Serena Incerti-Parenti & Matteo Cameli & Daniela Rita Ippolito & Antonio Gracco & Giulio Alessandri-Bonetti, 2023. "Antero-Posterior Mandibular Excursion in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients Treated with Mandibular Advancement Device: A Retrospective Cohort Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-9, February.

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