IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v19y2022i4p2430-d753700.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Different Coping Patterns among US Graduate and Undergraduate Students during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Machine Learning Approach

Author

Listed:
  • Yijun Zhao

    (Computer and Information Sciences Department, Fordham University, New York, NY 10023, USA)

  • Yi Ding

    (Graduate School of Education, Fordham University, New York, NY 10023, USA)

  • Yangqian Shen

    (Graduate School of Education, Fordham University, New York, NY 10023, USA)

  • Samuel Failing

    (Computer and Information Sciences Department, Fordham University, New York, NY 10023, USA)

  • Jacqueline Hwang

    (Graduate School of Education, Fordham University, New York, NY 10023, USA)

Abstract

COVID-19 caused unprecedented disruptions to regular university operations worldwide. Dealing with 100% virtual classrooms and suspension of essential in-person activities resulted in significant stress and anxiety for students coping with isolation, fear, and uncertainties in their academic careers. In this study, we applied a machine learning approach to identify distinct coping patterns between graduate and undergraduate students when facing these challenges. We based our study on a large proprietary dataset collected from 517 students in US professional institutions during an early peak of the pandemic. In particular, we cast our problem under the association rule mining (ARM) framework by introducing a new method to transform survey data into market basket items and customer transactions in which students’ behavioral patterns were analogous to customer purchase patterns. Our experimental results suggested that graduate and undergraduate students adopted different ways of coping that could be attributed to their different maturity levels and lifestyles. Our findings can further serve as a focus of attention (FOA) tool to facilitate customized advising or counseling to address the unique challenges associated with each group that may warrant differentiated interventions.

Suggested Citation

  • Yijun Zhao & Yi Ding & Yangqian Shen & Samuel Failing & Jacqueline Hwang, 2022. "Different Coping Patterns among US Graduate and Undergraduate Students during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Machine Learning Approach," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-16, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:4:p:2430-:d:753700
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/4/2430/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/4/2430/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Wei Hong & Ru-De Liu & Yi Ding & Jacqueline Hwang & Jia Wang & Yi Yang, 2021. "Cross-Country Differences in Stay-at-Home Behaviors during Peaks in the COVID-19 Pandemic in China and the United States: The Roles of Health Beliefs and Behavioral Intention," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-14, February.
    2. Chirikov, Igor & Soria, Krista M & Horgos, Bonnie & Jones-White, Daniel, 2020. "Undergraduate and Graduate Students’ Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic," University of California at Berkeley, Center for Studies in Higher Education qt80k5d5hw, Center for Studies in Higher Education, UC Berkeley.
    3. Asanov, Igor & Flores, Francisco & McKenzie, David & Mensmann, Mona & Schulte, Mathis, 2021. "Remote-learning, time-use, and mental health of Ecuadorian high-school students during the COVID-19 quarantine," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Rimsha Asad & Saud Altaf & Shafiq Ahmad & Haitham Mahmoud & Shamsul Huda & Sofia Iqbal, 2023. "Machine Learning-Based Hybrid Ensemble Model Achieving Precision Education for Online Education Amid the Lockdown Period of COVID-19 Pandemic in Pakistan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-24, March.
    2. Chiara Buizza & Clarissa Ferrari & Giulio Sbravati & Jessica Dagani & Herald Cela & Giuseppe Rainieri & Alberto Ghilardi, 2023. "Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Well-Being, Social Relationships and Academic Performance in a Sample of University Freshmen: A Propensity Score Match Evaluation Pre- and Post-Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(15), pages 1-19, July.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Bergvall, Sanna & Fernström, Clara & Ranehill, Eva & Sandberg, Anna, 2024. "The Impact of PhD Studies on Mental Health—A Longitudinal Population Study," Working Papers in Economics 846, University of Gothenburg, Department of Economics.
    2. Łukasz Mamica & Jakub Głowacki & Kamil Makieła, 2021. "Determinants of the Energy Poverty of Polish Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-15, June.
    3. Emilijus Žilinskas & Giedrė Žulpaitė & Kristijonas Puteikis & Rima Viliūnienė, 2021. "Mental Health among Higher Education Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Survey from Lithuania," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(23), pages 1-14, December.
    4. Eiji Yamamura & Yoshiro Tsustsui, 2021. "School closures and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 34(4), pages 1261-1298, October.
    5. Eui-Jae Lee & Dong-il Seo & Seung-Man Lee & Jong-Hyuck Kim, 2022. "Changes in Physical Fitness among Elementary and Middle School Students in Korea before and after COVID-19," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-16, September.
    6. Finch, W. Holmes & Hernàndez Finch, Maria E. & Avery, Brooke, 2023. "Teacher support of non-native language students during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-national comparison," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 103(C).
    7. Kóczán, Zs., 2024. "Lasting scars: The long-term effects of school closures on earnings," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 176(C).
    8. Brad M. Barber & Wei Jiang & Adair Morse & Manju Puri & Heather Tookes & Ingrid M. Werner, 2021. "What Explains Differences in Finance Research Productivity during the Pandemic?," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 76(4), pages 1655-1697, August.
    9. Yi Yang & Ru-De Liu & Yi Ding & Jia Wang & Wei Hong & Ying Wu, 2021. "The Influence of Communication on College Students’ Self–Other Risk Perceptions of COVID-19: A Comparative Study of China and the United States," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(23), pages 1-16, November.
    10. Boruchowicz, Cynthia & Parker, Susan W. & Robbins, Lindsay, 2022. "Time use of youth during a pandemic: Evidence from Mexico," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).
    11. YAMAMURA, Eiji & Tsutsui, Yoshiro, 2020. "Impact of closing schools on mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence using panel data from Japan," MPRA Paper 105023, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    12. Hui Zhang & Min Zhuang & Yihan Cao & Jingxian Pan & Xiaowan Zhang & Jie Zhang & Honglei Zhang, 2021. "Social Distancing in Tourism Destination Management during the COVID-19 Pandemic in China: A Moderated Mediation Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-16, October.
    13. Kari L. George & Kaitlin N. S. Newhouse, 2024. "Updating Our Understanding of Doctoral Student Persistence: Revising Models Using Structural Equation Modeling to Examine Consideration of Departure in Computing Disciplines," Research in Higher Education, Springer;Association for Institutional Research, vol. 65(8), pages 1883-1910, December.
    14. Ching Ting Tany Kwee, 2021. "I Want to Teach Sustainable Development in My English Classroom: A Case Study of Incorporating Sustainable Development Goals in English Teaching," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-24, April.
    15. Guilherme Lichand & Carlos Alberto Doria & Onicio Leal-Neto & João Paulo Cossi Fernandes, 2022. "The impacts of remote learning in secondary education during the pandemic in Brazil," Nature Human Behaviour, Nature, vol. 6(8), pages 1079-1086, August.
    16. Esther Gehrke & Friederike Lenel & Claudia Schupp, 2023. "COVID-19 Crisis, Economic Hardships, and Schooling Outcomes," Education Finance and Policy, MIT Press, vol. 18(3), pages 522-546, Summer.
    17. Camilleri, Mark Anthony & Camilleri, Adriana Caterina, 2022. "Remote learning via video conferencing technologies: Implications for research and practice," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 68(C).
    18. De Paz Nieves,Carmen & Gaddis,Isis & Muller,Miriam, 2021. "Gender and COVID-19 : What have we learnt, one year later ?," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9709, The World Bank.
    19. Charlotte Torinomi & Katajun Lindenberg & Andreas Möltner & Sabine C. Herpertz & Rainer M. Holm-Hadulla, 2022. "Predictors of Students’ Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Impact of Coping Strategies, Sense of Coherence, and Social Support," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(24), pages 1-15, December.
    20. Sébastien Goudeau & Camille Sanrey & Arnaud Stanczak & Antony Manstead & Céline Darnon, 2021. "Why lockdown and distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic are likely to increase the social class achievement gap," Nature Human Behaviour, Nature, vol. 5(10), pages 1273-1281, October.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:4:p:2430-:d:753700. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.