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Psychometric Assessment of the Need Satisfaction and Frustration Scale with Professional Romanian Athletes

Author

Listed:
  • Dan Iulian Alexe

    (Department of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Movement, Sports and Health, Sciences, “Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacau, 600115 Bacau, Romania)

  • Beatrice Aurelia Abalasei

    (Department of Physical Education, Sports Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, “Al. I. Cuza” University of Iași, 700554 Iași, Romania)

  • Gabriel Mares

    (Department of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Movement, Sports and Health, Sciences, “Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacau, 600115 Bacau, Romania)

  • Bogdan Constantin Rata

    (Department of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Movement, Sports and Health, Sciences, “Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacau, 600115 Bacau, Romania)

  • Teodora Mihaela Iconomescu

    (Sport Games and Physical Education Department, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, “Dunărea de Jos” University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania)

  • Georgeta Mitrache

    (Department of Teaching Staff Training, National University of Physical Education and Sports, 060057 Bucharest, Romania)

  • Rafael Burgueño

    (Health Research Center, University of Almeria, Carretera de San Urbano, s/n, 04120 Almería, Spain)

Abstract

Background: Although athletes’ experiences of autonomy, competence, and relatedness play in key role in their motivation, performance-related outcomes, and wellness, there is no evidence to date on measures of autonomy, competence, and relatedness in the Romanian sport context. Building upon self-determination theory, the objective of this research was to adapt the Need Satisfaction and Frustration Scale and analyze its psychometric properties in the Romanian sport context. Methods: The participants were 642 professional athletes (354 males and 288 females; M age = 22.81, SD = 5.78) who competed at the international and/or national level. Results: The results from confirmatory factor analyses psychometrically supported a six-factor correlated model, which was invariant across gender, age, and sport. Convergent validity was met by average variance extracted values between 0.60 and 0.74. Discriminant validity was underpinned by values from −0.72 to 0.72 for a heterotrait–monotrait ratio of correlations among the six factors. Reliability was endorsed by Cronbach’s alpha scores between 0.75 and 0.89, and between 0.76 and 0.89 for Raykov’s composite reliability coefficient. Criterion validity was supported by positive relationships of autonomy, competence, and relatedness satisfaction to autonomous motivation, and positive associations of autonomy, competence, and relatedness frustration with controlled motivation and amotivation. Conclusions: The Need Satisfaction and Frustration Scale is shown to be a valid and reliable measure of need satisfaction and frustration in professional Romanian athletes.

Suggested Citation

  • Dan Iulian Alexe & Beatrice Aurelia Abalasei & Gabriel Mares & Bogdan Constantin Rata & Teodora Mihaela Iconomescu & Georgeta Mitrache & Rafael Burgueño, 2022. "Psychometric Assessment of the Need Satisfaction and Frustration Scale with Professional Romanian Athletes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-14, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:3:p:1696-:d:740519
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Diogo Monteiro & Luís Cid & Diogo S. Teixeira & Teresa Fonseca & Pedro Duarte-Mendes & Luís M. Silva & Filipe Rodrigues, 2020. "Understanding Needs Satisfaction and Frustration in Young Athletes: Factor Structure and Invariance Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-17, June.
    2. Ylenio Longo & Alexander Gunz & Guy Curtis & Tom Farsides, 2016. "Measuring Need Satisfaction and Frustration in Educational and Work Contexts: The Need Satisfaction and Frustration Scale (NSFS)," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 17(1), pages 295-317, February.
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