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Assessing Different Types of HIV Communication and Sociocultural Factors on Perceived HIV Stigma and Testing among a National Sample of Youth and Young Adults

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  • Gamji M’Rabiu Abubakari

    (School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
    Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS (CIRA), School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA)

  • Martez D. R. Smith

    (School of Nursing, Rochester University, Rochester, NY 14642, USA)

  • Donte T. Boyd

    (Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS (CIRA), School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
    College of Social Work, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA)

  • S. Raquel Ramos

    (Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS (CIRA), School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
    School of Nursing, Yale University, Orange, CT 06477, USA)

  • Courtney Johnson

    (Ryan Chelsea-Clinton Community Health Center, New York, NY 10036, USA)

  • Juan L. Benavides

    (College of Social Work, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA)

  • Megan Threats

    (Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS (CIRA), School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
    School of Communication and Information, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA)

  • Junior L. Allen

    (School of Social Work, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA)

  • Camille R. Quinn

    (College of Social Work, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
    Kirwan Institute for the Study of Race and Ethnicity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43201, USA)

Abstract

In the United States, racial/ethnic and sexual youth and young adults (YYA) of color are disproportionately affected by HIV. Subsequently, YYA experience HIV stigma and engage in increased risk behaviors and reduced HIV testing. HIV communication has been identified as a potential buffer to HIV stigma, resulting in health-seeking behaviors, such as HIV testing. In this study, we respond to a meaningful gap in the literature by examining different types of HIV communication and their impact on HIV stigma and HIV testing in a diverse sample of YYA. We analyzed secondary data from the Kaiser Family Foundation National Survey of Teens and Young Adults on HIV/AIDS. A 40-question, web-based survey was conducted with 1437 youth (ages 15–24). Recruitment included a dual sampling method from households with: (1) listed phone numbers, (2) unlisted phone numbers, (3) telephones, (4) no telephone, and (5) only cell phone access. The purpose of the survey was to establish participants’ HIV knowledge, communication, experiences, and testing behaviors. Findings suggested an association between intimate-partner HIV communication, increased HIV testing, and reduced HIV stigma. We also identified differentials in HIV testing and stigma based on gender, income, age, and sexual minority status, explained by HIV communication. Further research is needed that examines ways to use intimate-partner HIV communication to reduce stigma and increase HIV testing among YYA of different sociodemographic characteristics and sexual orientations.

Suggested Citation

  • Gamji M’Rabiu Abubakari & Martez D. R. Smith & Donte T. Boyd & S. Raquel Ramos & Courtney Johnson & Juan L. Benavides & Megan Threats & Junior L. Allen & Camille R. Quinn, 2022. "Assessing Different Types of HIV Communication and Sociocultural Factors on Perceived HIV Stigma and Testing among a National Sample of Youth and Young Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(2), pages 1-11, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:2:p:1003-:d:726410
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Fields, E.L. & Bogart, L.M. & Smith, K.C. & Malebranche, D.J. & Ellen, J. & Schuster, M.A., 2015. ""I always felt I had to prove my manhood": Homosexuality, masculinity, gender role strain, and HIV risk among young Black men who have sex with men," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 105(1), pages 122-131.
    2. Boyd, Donte & Lea, Charles H. & Gilbert, Keon L. & Butler-Barnes, Sheretta T., 2018. "Sexual health conversations: Predicting the odds of HIV testing among black youth and young adults," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 134-140.
    3. Lance Keene & Donte Boyd, 2021. "Ending the Epidemic: Assessing Sexual Health Communication, Personal Agency, and HIV Stigma among Black and Latino Youth in the U.S," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(12), pages 1-15, June.
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