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Fertility Intention to Have a Third Child in China following the Three-Child Policy: A Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Listed:
  • Ni Ning

    (Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Jingfei Tang

    (Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Yizhou Huang

    (College of Engineering and Design, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China)

  • Xiangmin Tan

    (Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China)

  • Qian Lin

    (Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China)

  • Mei Sun

    (Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China)

Abstract

China’s three-child policy was implemented in May 2021 to stimulate a rise in fertility levels. However, few previous studies have explored fertility intentions to have a third child and have only focused on childless or one-child populations, resulting in a gap in findings between fertility intention and fertility behavior. Thus, we conducted a nationwide cross-sectional study on 1308 participants with two children. Results showed that only 9.6% of participants reported planning to have a third child and 80.2% of the population had heard of the policy but had no idea of the detailed contents. Participants with two daughters (OR = 3.722, 95% CI = 2.304–6.013) were willing to have one more child. Instrumental values (OR = 1.184, 95% CI = 1.108–1.265) and policy support (OR = 1.190, 95% CI = 1.124–1.259) were the facilitators. Perceived risk (OR = 0.883, 95% CI = 0.839–0.930) and higher educational level (OR = 0.693, 95% CI = 0.533–0.900) were the leading barriers to having one more child. Therefore, the government should deepen parents’ understanding of the “three-child policy” and devise ways of reducing the negative impacts of having a third child to boost the intention to have more children. Our proposed approach can also be used to better understand the reasons for low fertility rates in other countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Ni Ning & Jingfei Tang & Yizhou Huang & Xiangmin Tan & Qian Lin & Mei Sun, 2022. "Fertility Intention to Have a Third Child in China following the Three-Child Policy: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-12, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:22:p:15412-:d:979714
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Chen, Shuyang, 2024. "Fertility rate, fertility policy, and climate policy: A case study in China," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 339-348.

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