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Prevalence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in Healthcare Workers following the First SARS-CoV Epidemic of 2003: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Bastien Alberque

    (Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaPSCo, Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France)

  • Catherine Laporte

    (Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CNRS, Institut Pascal, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France)

  • Laurie Mondillon

    (Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaPSCo, Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France)

  • Julien S. Baker

    (Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong 999077, China)

  • Martial Mermillod

    (Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LPNC, 38100 Grenoble, France)

  • George Brousse

    (Département de Psychiatrie, Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, EA 7280 Clermont-Ferrand, France)

  • Ukadike Chris Ugbolube

    (School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, South Lanarkshire G72 0LH, UK)

  • Reza Bagheri

    (Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran)

  • Jean-Baptiste Bouillon-Minois

    (Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaPSCo, Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France)

  • Frédéric Dutheil

    (Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaPSCo, Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France)

Abstract

The world is still in the grip of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, with putative psychological consequences for healthcare workers (HCWs). Exploring the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) during the first SARS-CoV-1 epidemic in 2003 may inform us of the long-term effects of the actual pandemic, as well as putative influencing factors such as contact with the virus, time effects, or the importance of some sociodemographic data. This information may help us develop efficient preventive strategies. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the prevalence of PTSD in HCWs following the SARS-CoV-1 in 2003. PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, Psychinfo, and Web of Science were searched until September 2022. Random-effects meta-analyses were stratified by the time of follow-up. We included 14 studies: 4842 HCWs (32.0 years old, 84% women). The overall prevalence of PTSD was 14% (95CI 10 to 17%). The prevalence of PTSD was 16% (8 to 24%) during the epidemic, 19% (16 to 22%) within 6 months after the epidemic, and 8% (4 to 13%) more than one year after the end of the epidemic. The longest follow-up was three years after the epidemic, with 10% of HCWs with PTSD. Nevertheless, the prevalence of PTSD was significantly lower more than one year after the end of the epidemic than the first six months after the epidemic (Coefficient −10.4, 95CI −17.6 to −3.2, p = 0.007). In conclusion, the prevalence of PTSD in HCWs was high during the first epidemic of SARS-CoV in 2003 and remained high in the long term. The lessons from the SARS-CoV-1 epidemic may help prevent a wave of PTSD following the latest COVID-19 pandemic.

Suggested Citation

  • Bastien Alberque & Catherine Laporte & Laurie Mondillon & Julien S. Baker & Martial Mermillod & George Brousse & Ukadike Chris Ugbolube & Reza Bagheri & Jean-Baptiste Bouillon-Minois & Frédéric Duthei, 2022. "Prevalence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in Healthcare Workers following the First SARS-CoV Epidemic of 2003: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-21, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:20:p:13069-:d:939299
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Frédéric Dutheil & Benjamin Danini & Reza Bagheri & Maria Livia Fantini & Bruno Pereira & Farès Moustafa & Marion Trousselard & Valentin Navel, 2021. "Effects of a Short Daytime Nap on the Cognitive Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(19), pages 1-17, September.
    2. Frédéric Dutheil & Lenise M. Parreira & Julia Eismann & François-Xavier Lesage & David Balayssac & Céline Lambert & Maëlys Clinchamps & Denis Pezet & Bruno Pereira & Bertrand Le Roy, 2021. "Burnout in French General Practitioners: A Nationwide Prospective Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(22), pages 1-16, November.
    3. Caterina Schug & Franziska Geiser & Nina Hiebel & Petra Beschoner & Lucia Jerg-Bretzke & Christian Albus & Kerstin Weidner & Eva Morawa & Yesim Erim, 2022. "Sick Leave and Intention to Quit the Job among Nursing Staff in German Hospitals during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-15, February.
    4. Yin Ying Hsiao & Wei Hung Chang & I Chun Ma & Chen-Long Wu & Po See Chen & Yen Kuang Yang & Chih-Hao Lin, 2019. "Long-Term PTSD Risks in Emergency Medical Technicians Who Responded to the 2016 Taiwan Earthquake: A Six-Month Observational Follow-Up Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-12, December.
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