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Digital Health Interventions by Clinical Pharmacists: A Systematic Review

Author

Listed:
  • Taehwan Park

    (Pharmacy Administration and Public Health, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA)

  • Jagannath Muzumdar

    (Pharmacy Administration and Public Health, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA)

  • Hyemin Kim

    (College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA)

Abstract

Integrating digital interventions in healthcare has gained increasing popularity among clinical pharmacists (CPs) due to advances in technology. The purpose of this study was to systematically review CP-led digital interventions to improve patients’ health-related clinical outcomes. PubMed and the Cochrane Database were searched to select studies that had conducted a randomized controlled trial to evaluate clinical outcomes in adults following a CP-led digital intervention for the period from January 2005 to August 2021. A total of 19 studies were included in our analysis. In these 19 studies, the most commonly used digital intervention by CPs was telephone use ( n = 15), followed by a web-based tool ( n = 2) and a mobile app ( n = 2). These interventions were provided to serve a wide range of purposes in patients’ outcomes: change in lab values (e.g., blood pressure, HbA1c) ( n = 23), reduction in health service use ( n = 8), enhancing adherence ( n = 6), improvement in drug-related outcomes ( n = 6), increase in survival ( n = 3), and reduction in health-related risk (e.g., CVD risk) ( n = 2). Although the impacts of telephone-based interventions on patients’ outcomes were decidedly mixed, web-based interventions and mobile apps exerted generally positive influences. To date, little research has investigated the cost-effectiveness of digital interventions. Future studies are warranted.

Suggested Citation

  • Taehwan Park & Jagannath Muzumdar & Hyemin Kim, 2022. "Digital Health Interventions by Clinical Pharmacists: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(1), pages 1-18, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:1:p:532-:d:717245
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    1. Roberta Bevilacqua & Sara Casaccia & Gabriella Cortellessa & Arlene Astell & Fabrizia Lattanzio & Andrea Corsonello & Paola D’Ascoli & Susy Paolini & Mirko Di Rosa & Lorena Rossi & Elvira Maranesi, 2020. "Coaching Through Technology: A Systematic Review into Efficacy and Effectiveness for the Ageing Population," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-14, August.
    2. Roberta Bevilacqua & Stefano Strano & Mirko Di Rosa & Cinzia Giammarchi & Katerina Katka Cerna & Claudia Mueller & Elvira Maranesi, 2021. "eHealth Literacy: From Theory to Clinical Application for Digital Health Improvement. Results from the ACCESS Training Experience," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(22), pages 1-11, November.
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    1. Taehwan Park & Hyemin Kim & Seunghyun Song & Scott K. Griggs, 2022. "Economic Evaluation of Pharmacist-Led Digital Health Interventions: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-16, September.
    2. Joanna Albrecht & Anna Lea Stark & Eleana Dongas & Kamil J. Wrona & Christoph Dockweiler, 2022. "Hosting an Online World Café to Develop an Understanding of Digital Health Promoting Settings from a Citizen’s Perspective—Methodological Potentials and Challenges," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-19, August.

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