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Association between Air Pollution and Squamous Cell Lung Cancer in South-Eastern Poland

Author

Listed:
  • Jan Gawełko

    (Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland)

  • Marek Cierpiał-Wolan

    (Statistical Office in Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
    Institute of Economics and Finance, College of Social Sciences, University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland)

  • Second Bwanakare

    (Institute of Economics and Finance, Faculty of Socio-Economics, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Michalina Czarnota

    (Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland)

Abstract

Air pollution is closely associated with the development of respiratory illness. The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship between long-term exposure to PM2.5, PM10, NO 2 , and SO 2 pollution and the incidence of lung cancer in the squamous subtype in south-eastern Poland from the years 2004 to 2014. We collected data of 4237 patients with squamous cell lung cancer and the level of selected pollutants. To investigate the relationship between the level of concentrations of pollutants and the place of residence of patients with lung cancer in the squamous subtype, proprietary pollution maps were applied to the places of residence of patients. To analyze the data, the risk ratio was used as well as a number of statistical methods, i.e., the pollution model, inverse distance weighted interpolation, PCA, and ordered response model. Cancer in women and in men seems to depend in particular on the simultaneous inhalation of NO 2 and PM10 (variable NO 2 PM10) and of NO 2 and SO 2 (variable NO 2 SO 2 ), respectively. Nitrogen dioxide exercises a synergistic leading effect, which once composed with the other elements it becomes more persistent in explaining higher odds in the appearance of cancers and could constitute the main cause of squamous cancer.

Suggested Citation

  • Jan Gawełko & Marek Cierpiał-Wolan & Second Bwanakare & Michalina Czarnota, 2022. "Association between Air Pollution and Squamous Cell Lung Cancer in South-Eastern Poland," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-14, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:18:p:11598-:d:915210
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Xavier Gabaix, 2009. "Power Laws in Economics and Finance," Annual Review of Economics, Annual Reviews, vol. 1(1), pages 255-294, May.
    2. Hong-Bae Kim & Jae-Yong Shim & Byoungjin Park & Yong-Jae Lee, 2018. "Long-Term Exposure to Air Pollutants and Cancer Mortality: A Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-15, November.
    3. Herve Lawin & Lucie Ayi Fanou & Antoine Vikkey Hinson & Marie Stolbrink & Parfait Houngbegnon & Nonvignon Marius Kedote & Benjamin Fayomi & Jacqueline Kagima & Patrick Katoto & Edgard Marius Dona Ouen, 2018. "Health Risks Associated with Occupational Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution in Commercial Drivers: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-13, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Marek Cierpiał-Wolan & Sebastian Wójcik & Jan Gawełko & Michalina Czarnota, 2023. "Does the Level of Air Pollution Affect the Incidence of Lung Adenocarcinoma in South-Eastern Poland?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-8, February.

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