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Long-Term Effects of Ambient Particulate and Gaseous Pollutants on Serum High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Levels: A Cross-Sectional Study Using KoGES-HEXA Data

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  • Ji Hyun Kim

    (Division of Population Health Research, Department of Precision Medicine, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, 200 Osongsaengmyeong 2-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si 28160, Korea)

  • Hae Dong Woo

    (Division of Population Health Research, Department of Precision Medicine, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, 200 Osongsaengmyeong 2-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si 28160, Korea)

  • Sunho Choi

    (Division of Population Health Research, Department of Precision Medicine, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, 200 Osongsaengmyeong 2-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si 28160, Korea)

  • Dae Sub Song

    (Division of Population Health Research, Department of Precision Medicine, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, 200 Osongsaengmyeong 2-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si 28160, Korea)

  • Jung Hyun Lee

    (Division of Population Health Research, Department of Precision Medicine, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, 200 Osongsaengmyeong 2-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si 28160, Korea)

  • Kyoungho Lee

    (Division of Population Health Research, Department of Precision Medicine, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, 200 Osongsaengmyeong 2-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si 28160, Korea)

Abstract

Ambient air pollutants reportedly increase inflammatory responses associated with multiple chronic diseases. We investigated the effects of long-term exposure to ambient air pollution on high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) using data from 60,581 participants enrolled in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study-Health Examinees Study between 2012 and 2017. Community Multiscale Air Quality System with surface data assimilation was used to estimate the participants’ exposure to criteria air pollutants based on geocoded residential addresses. Long-term exposure was defined as the 2-year moving average concentrations of PM 10 , PM 2.5 , SO 2 , NO 2 , and O 3 . Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were utilized to estimate the percent changes in hs-CRP and odds ratios of systemic low-grade inflammation (hs-CRP > 3 mg/L) per interquartile range increment in air pollutants. We identified positive associations between hs-CRP and PM 10 (% changes: 3.75 [95% CI 2.68, 4.82]), PM 2.5 (3.68, [2.57, 4.81]), SO 2 (1.79, [1.10, 2.48]), and NO 2 (3.31, [2.12, 4.52]), while negative association was demonstrated for O 3 (−3.81, [−4.96, −2.65]). Elevated risks of low-grade inflammation were associated with PM 10 (odds ratio: 1.07 [95% CI 1.01, 1.13]), PM 2.5 (1.08 [1.02, 1.14]), and SO 2 (1.05 [1.01, 1.08]). The odds ratios reported indicated that the exposures might be risk factors for inflammatory conditions; however, they did not reflect strong associations. Our findings suggest that exposure to air pollutants may play a role in the inflammation process.

Suggested Citation

  • Ji Hyun Kim & Hae Dong Woo & Sunho Choi & Dae Sub Song & Jung Hyun Lee & Kyoungho Lee, 2022. "Long-Term Effects of Ambient Particulate and Gaseous Pollutants on Serum High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Levels: A Cross-Sectional Study Using KoGES-HEXA Data," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-19, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:18:p:11585-:d:914839
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Daniel Trnka, 2020. "Policies, regulatory framework and enforcement for air quality management: The case of Korea," OECD Environment Working Papers 158, OECD Publishing.
    2. Min Jiang & Euijune Kim & Youngjin Woo, 2020. "The Relationship between Economic Growth and Air Pollution—A Regional Comparison between China and South Korea," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-20, April.
    3. Temitope Christina Adebayo-Ojo & Janine Wichmann & Oluwaseyi Olalekan Arowosegbe & Nicole Probst-Hensch & Christian Schindler & Nino Künzli, 2022. "Short-Term Joint Effects of PM 10 , NO 2 and SO 2 on Cardio-Respiratory Disease Hospital Admissions in Cape Town, South Africa," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(1), pages 1-19, January.
    4. Niru Senthilkumar & Mark Gilfether & Francesca Metcalf & Armistead G. Russell & James A. Mulholland & Howard H. Chang, 2019. "Application of a Fusion Method for Gas and Particle Air Pollutants between Observational Data and Chemical Transport Model Simulations Over the Contiguous United States for 2005–2014," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-15, September.
    5. Mona Elbarbary & Artem Oganesyan & Trenton Honda & Geoffrey Morgan & Yuming Guo & Yanfei Guo & Joel Negin, 2021. "Systemic Inflammation (C-Reactive Protein) in Older Chinese Adults Is Associated with Long-Term Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(6), pages 1-15, March.
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