IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v19y2022i18p11290-d909841.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Comparison of Whole Salivary Cortisol and Interleukin 1-Beta Levels in Light Cigarette-Smokers and Users of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems before and after Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy

Author

Listed:
  • Abdulkareem A. Alhumaidan

    (Preventive Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia)

  • Khulud A. Al-Aali

    (Department of Clinical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia)

  • Fahim Vohra

    (Prosthetic Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia)

  • Fawad Javed

    (Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14620, USA)

  • Tariq Abduljabbar

    (Prosthetic Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

There are no studies that have compared whole salivary cortisol (CL) and interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β) levels in cigarette-smokers (CS) and electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS)-users before and after non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). The aim was to compare whole salivary CL and IL-1β levels in light CS and ENDS users before and after non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). Self-reported current CS, ENDS users, and non-smokers were included. A questionnaire was used to collect demographic data. All patients underwent NSPT. Periodontal parameters (probing depth (PD], gingival index (GI], clinical attachment loss (AL], plaque index (PI], and marginal bone loss (MBL]) and whole salivary CL and IL-1β were measured at baseline. At 3-months of follow-up, clinical parameters and whole salivary CL and IL-1β were re-assessed. p -values < 1% were arbitrated as statistically significant. Fifty-four individuals (18 CS, 18 ENDS users, and 18 non-smokers) were included. Clinical AL, MT, PD, PI, and MBL were similar in all groups at baseline. At 12-weeks of follow-up, PI ( p < 0.01) and PD ( p < 0.01) were high in CS and ENDS-users than non-smokers. Among non-smokers, there was a statistically significant correlation between whole salivary cortisol and IL-1β levels at 12-weeks’ follow-up ( p < 0.001). There was no difference in whole salivary cortisol and IL-1β levels in CS and ENDS users at baseline and at 12-weeks follow-up. At 12-weeks of follow-up, there was a significant reduction in IL-1β ( p < 0.01) and CL ( p < 0.01) than baseline. In light CS and ENDS users without periodontal disease, clinical periodontal parameters and whole-salivary CL and Il-1β levels remain unchanged after NSPT.

Suggested Citation

  • Abdulkareem A. Alhumaidan & Khulud A. Al-Aali & Fahim Vohra & Fawad Javed & Tariq Abduljabbar, 2022. "Comparison of Whole Salivary Cortisol and Interleukin 1-Beta Levels in Light Cigarette-Smokers and Users of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems before and after Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-10, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:18:p:11290-:d:909841
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/18/11290/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/18/11290/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Fawad Javed & Abeer S. Al-Zawawi & Khaled S. Allemailem & Ahmad Almatroudi & Abid Mehmood & Darshan Devang Divakar & Abdulaziz A. Al-Kheraif, 2020. "Periodontal Conditions and Whole Salivary IL-17A and -23 Levels among Young Adult Cannabis sativa (Marijuana)-Smokers, Heavy Cigarette-Smokers and Non-Smokers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-10, October.
    2. Marie Dubar & Isabelle Clerc-Urmès & Cédric Baumann & Céline Clément & Corentine Alauzet & Catherine Bisson, 2020. "Relations of Psychosocial Factors and Cortisol with Periodontal and Bacterial Parameters: A Prospective Clinical Study in 30 Patients with Periodontitis Before and After Non-Surgical Treatment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-19, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Naveed Ahmed & Sohaib Arshad & Syed Nahid Basheer & Mohmed Isaqali Karobari & Anand Marya & Charu Mohan Marya & Pratibha Taneja & Pietro Messina & Chan Yean Yean & Giuseppe Alessandro Scardina, 2021. "Smoking a Dangerous Addiction: A Systematic Review on an Underrated Risk Factor for Oral Diseases," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-16, October.
    2. Takayuki Maruyama & Daisuke Ekuni & Masakazu Higuchi & Eiji Takayama & Shinichi Tokuno & Manabu Morita, 2022. "Relationship between Psychological Stress Determined by Voice Analysis and Periodontal Status: A Cohort Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-8, August.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:18:p:11290-:d:909841. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.