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A Preliminary Evaluation of the Cultural Appropriateness of the Tuning in to Kids Parenting Program in Germany, Turkey, Iran and China

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  • Sophie S. Havighurst

    (Mindful: Centre for Training and Research in Developmental Health, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia)

  • Rachel Choy

    (Mindful: Centre for Training and Research in Developmental Health, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia)

  • Ayca Ulker

    (Department of Early Childhood Education, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey)

  • Nantje Otterpohl

    (Department of Psychology and Sport, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany)

  • Fateme Aghaie Meybodi

    (Research Center of Addiction and Behavioral Sciences, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran)

  • Forough Edrissi

    (Department of Clinical Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran)

  • Chen Qiu

    (Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
    West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610017, China)

  • Kathy Kar-man Shum

    (Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong)

  • Alessandra Radovini

    (Mindful: Centre for Training and Research in Developmental Health, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia)

  • Dana A. Hosn

    (Mindful: Centre for Training and Research in Developmental Health, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia)

  • Christiane E. Kehoe

    (Mindful: Centre for Training and Research in Developmental Health, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia)

Abstract

Background : Parenting interventions based on emotion socialization (ES) theory offer an important theoretically driven approach to improve children’s emotional competence and behavioral functioning. Whether such approaches are effective in different cultural contexts, and whether the methods of delivery used are appropriate and acceptable, is an important empirical question. This paper reports on the preliminary evaluation of an ES parenting intervention, Tuning in to Kids (TIK), in Germany, Turkey, Iran, and China. Pilot studies of TIK have been conducted in each country with mothers of 4–6-year-old children. Method: The current study used qualitative methods with thematic analysis to explore the cultural appropriateness of the program in each site. Results: Culture-specific challenges were found across all sites in changing parents’ beliefs about the value of encouraging children’s emotional expression and supportive emotion discussions. Emotion literacy of parents depended on their access to emotion terms in their language, but also to parents’ experiences with emotions in their family of origin and culture-related beliefs about emotions. Adaptations were required to slow the speed of delivery, to address issues of trust with parents in seeking help, and to provide more opportunities to practice the skills and integrate different beliefs about parenting. Conclusion : While this ES parenting intervention has been developed in a Western cultural context, slight adaptations to the delivery methods (rather than change to the content) appeared to contribute to cultural appropriateness. The next step will be to quantitatively evaluate these adaptations of TIK in the different countries using randomized controlled studies.

Suggested Citation

  • Sophie S. Havighurst & Rachel Choy & Ayca Ulker & Nantje Otterpohl & Fateme Aghaie Meybodi & Forough Edrissi & Chen Qiu & Kathy Kar-man Shum & Alessandra Radovini & Dana A. Hosn & Christiane E. Kehoe, 2022. "A Preliminary Evaluation of the Cultural Appropriateness of the Tuning in to Kids Parenting Program in Germany, Turkey, Iran and China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-17, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:16:p:10321-:d:892333
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Tanja Mingebach & Inge Kamp-Becker & Hanna Christiansen & Linda Weber, 2018. "Meta-meta-analysis on the effectiveness of parent-based interventions for the treatment of child externalizing behavior problems," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(9), pages 1-21, September.
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