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Risk of Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease with Periodontitis and Dental Scaling: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study

Author

Listed:
  • Ying-Ting Yeh

    (School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
    Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Yen-Shuo Tseng

    (Department of Dermatology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Yi-Liang Wu

    (School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
    Department of Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan)

  • Shun-Fa Yang

    (Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
    Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan)

  • Bo-Yuan Wang

    (School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
    Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
    Department of Emergency Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan)

  • Yu-Hsun Wang

    (Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan)

  • Liang-Tsai Yeh

    (Department of Anesthesiology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
    Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan)

  • Ying-Tung Yeh

    (School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
    Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan)

  • Chi-Ho Chan

    (Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
    Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan)

Abstract

Periodontitis (PD) is a common oral disease associated with various other diseases, particularly those affecting the cardiovascular system. This study explored whether peripheral artery occlusive disease (PAOD) is associated with PD and dental scaling. This study was a retrospective cohort study design from 2000 to 2018. The study population was newly diagnosed with periodontitis. The comparison group was defined as never diagnosed with periodontitis. The outcome variable was defined with the diagnosis of peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD). The propensity score matching was performed by age, sex, comorbidities, and dental scaling between the two groups. Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to calculate the cumulative incidence of PAOD among the two groups. To perform the independent risk of the PAOD group, the multivariate Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate the hazard ratios. First, 792,681 patients with PD and 458,521 patients with no history of PD were selected from Taiwan’s Longitudinal Health Insurance Database, which comprises the data of two million beneficiaries. After propensity score matching between the PD and non-PD groups for age, sex, comorbidities, and dental scaling, 357,106 patients in each group were analyzed for PAOD risk. The incidence density, relative risk, and cumulative incidence of PAOD were higher in the PD group than in the non-PD group. After adjusting for all variables, the risk of PAOD for the PD group was greater than for the non-PD group (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01–1.06). Undergoing at least one dental scaling procedure reduced the risk of PAOD. Age over 65 years was also a risk factor. In conclusion, patients with PD have an increased risk of PAOD. In addition, our results can lead to increased attention to oral hygiene, as dental scaling has a trend towards a lower risk of PAOD.

Suggested Citation

  • Ying-Ting Yeh & Yen-Shuo Tseng & Yi-Liang Wu & Shun-Fa Yang & Bo-Yuan Wang & Yu-Hsun Wang & Liang-Tsai Yeh & Ying-Tung Yeh & Chi-Ho Chan, 2022. "Risk of Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease with Periodontitis and Dental Scaling: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-11, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:16:p:10057-:d:888443
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ching Tong & Yu-Hsun Wang & Yu-Chao Chang, 2019. "Increased Risk of Carotid Atherosclerosis in Male Patients with Chronic Periodontitis: A Nationwide Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-8, July.
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