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Enhanced Natural Attenuation of Groundwater Cr(VI) Pollution Using Electron Donors: Yeast Extract vs. Polyhydroxybutyrate

Author

Listed:
  • Marina Tumolo

    (Water Research Institute, Italian National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), 70132 Bari, BA, Italy
    Department of Biology, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, BA, Italy)

  • Angela Volpe

    (Water Research Institute, Italian National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), 70132 Bari, BA, Italy)

  • Natalia Leone

    (Water Research Institute, Italian National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), 70132 Bari, BA, Italy)

  • Pietro Cotugno

    (Department of Chemistry, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, BA, Italy)

  • Domenico De Paola

    (Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, Italian National Research Council (IBBR-CNR), 70126 Bari, BA, Italy)

  • Daniela Losacco

    (Water Research Institute, Italian National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), 70132 Bari, BA, Italy
    Department of Biology, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, BA, Italy)

  • Vito Locaputo

    (Water Research Institute, Italian National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), 70132 Bari, BA, Italy)

  • Maria Concetta de Pinto

    (Department of Biology, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, BA, Italy)

  • Vito Felice Uricchio

    (Water Research Institute, Italian National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), 70132 Bari, BA, Italy)

  • Valeria Ancona

    (Water Research Institute, Italian National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), 70132 Bari, BA, Italy)

Abstract

Remediation interventions based on the native bacteria’s capability to reduce Cr(VI) represent a valid strategy in terms of economic and environmental sustainability. In this study, a bioremediation test was carried out using viable microcosms set with groundwater and deep soil (4:1), collected from the saturated zone of an industrial site in Southern Italy that was polluted by ~130 µg L −1 of Cr(VI). Conditions simulating the potential natural attenuation were compared to the enhanced natural attenuation induced by supplying yeast extract or polyhydroxybutyrate. Sterile controls were set up to study the possible Cr(VI) abiotic reduction. No pollution attenuation was detected in the unamended viable reactors, whereas yeast extract provided the complete Cr(VI) removal in 7 days, and polyhydroxybutyrate allowed ~70% pollutant removal after 21 days. The incomplete abiotic removal of Cr(VI) was observed in sterile reactors amended with yeast extract, thus suggesting the essential role of native bacteria in Cr(VI) remediation. This was in accordance with the results of Pearson’s coefficient test, which revealed that Cr(VI) removal was positively correlated with microbial proliferation (n = 0.724), and also negatively correlated with pH (n = −0.646), dissolved oxygen (n = −0.828) and nitrate (n = −0.940). The relationships between the Cr(VI) removal and other monitored parameters were investigated by principal component analysis, which explained 76.71% of the total variance.

Suggested Citation

  • Marina Tumolo & Angela Volpe & Natalia Leone & Pietro Cotugno & Domenico De Paola & Daniela Losacco & Vito Locaputo & Maria Concetta de Pinto & Vito Felice Uricchio & Valeria Ancona, 2022. "Enhanced Natural Attenuation of Groundwater Cr(VI) Pollution Using Electron Donors: Yeast Extract vs. Polyhydroxybutyrate," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-17, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:15:p:9622-:d:880619
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hui Han & Jinju Hou & Dalei Zhang & Yuanning Zhong & Chao Chen & Qiuzhuo Zhang, 2021. "External Carbon Source Facilitates Indirect Cr (VI) Bioreduction Process by Anaerobic Sludge Produced from Kitchen Waste," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-15, April.
    2. Valeria Ancona & Claudia Campanale & Marina Tumolo & Domenico De Paola & Claudio Ardito & Angela Volpe & Vito Felice Uricchio, 2020. "Enhancement of Chromium (VI) Reduction in Microcosms Amended with Lactate or Yeast Extract: A Laboratory-Scale Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-14, January.
    3. Marina Tumolo & Valeria Ancona & Domenico De Paola & Daniela Losacco & Claudia Campanale & Carmine Massarelli & Vito Felice Uricchio, 2020. "Chromium Pollution in European Water, Sources, Health Risk, and Remediation Strategies: An Overview," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(15), pages 1-25, July.
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