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External Carbon Source Facilitates Indirect Cr (VI) Bioreduction Process by Anaerobic Sludge Produced from Kitchen Waste

Author

Listed:
  • Hui Han

    (Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China)

  • Jinju Hou

    (Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China)

  • Dalei Zhang

    (School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266000, China)

  • Yuanning Zhong

    (Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China)

  • Chao Chen

    (Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China)

  • Qiuzhuo Zhang

    (Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
    Institute of Eco-Chongming (IEC), 3663 N. Zhongshan Rd., Shanghai 200062, China
    Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China)

Abstract

This study presented the investigation on indirect Cr (VI) bioreduction process by anaerobic sludge produced from kitchen waste (ASKW) using an external source of glucose and sulfate to favor the reducing environment. These compounds were added at the beginning of the experiment along with 500 mg·L −1 Cr (VI). The system containing 1 g of glucose and 2 g of sulfate attained a higher reduction, which was 10% higher than that of the control experiment. This study indicated that a neutral environment (pH ~7), along with a high release of polysaccharides (PS), improved the removal efficiency by Cr (VI) bioreduction process. Desulfovibrio and Sulfurospirillum (genus level), which accounted for 3% and 1% of the whole microorganism, respectively, were responsible for the sulfidogenic reaction. Additionally, Thermovirga (genus level) reduced from 14% to 11% and 10%. These microorganisms contributed to dominating the indirect Cr (VI) bioreduction process. SEM and FTIR analysis of the sludges obtaining from the indirect Cr (VI) bioreduction systems indicated that the external glucose could facilitate the formation of looser porous structures and richer functional groups of sludges, thus adsorbing more Cr (III) to reduce its toxicity. Meanwhile, the intensity of the hydroxyl bond, which possesses strong reducibility, was much higher after adding external glucose. Chromate reductase gene (chrR) and sulfite reductase gene (dsrA) contributed to the indirect Cr (VI) bioreduction process. These might be the main mechanisms of the external glucose acting on indirect Cr (VI) bioreduction by ASKW.

Suggested Citation

  • Hui Han & Jinju Hou & Dalei Zhang & Yuanning Zhong & Chao Chen & Qiuzhuo Zhang, 2021. "External Carbon Source Facilitates Indirect Cr (VI) Bioreduction Process by Anaerobic Sludge Produced from Kitchen Waste," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-15, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:9:p:4806-:d:543021
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Marina Tumolo & Angela Volpe & Natalia Leone & Pietro Cotugno & Domenico De Paola & Daniela Losacco & Vito Locaputo & Maria Concetta de Pinto & Vito Felice Uricchio & Valeria Ancona, 2022. "Enhanced Natural Attenuation of Groundwater Cr(VI) Pollution Using Electron Donors: Yeast Extract vs. Polyhydroxybutyrate," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-17, August.

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