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Effectiveness of Whole-Body High-Intensity Interval Training on Health-Related Fitness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Corentin Scoubeau

    (Cardio-Pulmonary Exercise Laboratory, Faculty of Motor Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Bruxelles, Belgium)

  • Bruno Bonnechère

    (REVAL Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium)

  • Miriam Cnop

    (ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Bruxelles, Belgium
    Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Bruxelles, Belgium)

  • Vitalie Faoro

    (Cardio-Pulmonary Exercise Laboratory, Faculty of Motor Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Bruxelles, Belgium)

  • Malgorzata Klass

    (Research Unit in Biometry and Exercise Nutrition, Faculty of Motor Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Bruxelles, Belgium
    Laboratory of Applied Biology, Research Unit in Applied Neurophysiology, Faculty of Motor Sciences, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Bruxelles, Belgium)

Abstract

Due to its versatility, whole-body high-intensity interval training (WB-HIIT) can be proposed to the general population and patients to improve health-related fitness. However, its effectiveness compared to traditional aerobic continuous or interval trainings has yet to be determined. A search of four electronic databases was conducted. Studies reporting the effects of WB-HIIT on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), fat mass, fat-free mass, musculoskeletal fitness and metabolic risk factors were included. Standardized mean differences (SMD) between WB-HIIT and no exercise or traditional aerobic trainings were calculated. A meta-regression assessed the effect of total training time on the different outcomes. Twenty-two studies were included in the systematic review and nineteen in the meta-analysis. Compared to no exercise, WB-HIIT improves CRF (SMD: 0.75; 95%CI: 0.28, 1.23; p < 0.001), fat-free mass (SMD: 0.38; 95%CI: 0.11, 0.65; p < 0.001), fat mass (SMD: 0.40; 95%CI: 0.09, 0.72; p < 0.001) and musculoskeletal fitness (SMD: 0.84; 95%CI: 0.61, 1.08; p < 0.001). Compared to other aerobic trainings, WB-HIIT has a lower effect on CRF (SMD: −0.40; 95%CI: −0.70, −0.11; p = 0.007), a similar effect on fat-free mass (SMD: −0.04; 95%CI: −0.44, 0.35; p = 0.8) and fat mass (SMD: −0.07; 95%CI: −0.39, 0.25; p = 0.7), and a larger effect on musculoskeletal fitness (SMD: 0.42; 95%CI: 0.14, 0.71; p = 0.003). WB-HIIT overall effect and specific effect on CRF and fat mass were associated with total training time. The systematic review did not provide evidence of metabolic risk improvement. Despite a slightly lower effect on CRF, WB-HIIT is equally effective as traditional aerobic trainings to improve body composition and more effective to enhance musculoskeletal fitness, which is essential for execution of daily tasks.

Suggested Citation

  • Corentin Scoubeau & Bruno Bonnechère & Miriam Cnop & Vitalie Faoro & Malgorzata Klass, 2022. "Effectiveness of Whole-Body High-Intensity Interval Training on Health-Related Fitness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-28, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:15:p:9559-:d:879618
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ismael Ballesta-García & Ignacio Martínez-González-Moro & Jacobo Á. Rubio-Arias & María Carrasco-Poyatos, 2019. "High-Intensity Interval Circuit Training Versus Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on Functional Ability and Body Mass Index in Middle-Aged and Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(21), pages 1-17, October.
    2. Florian A. Engel & Ludwig Rappelt & Steffen Held & Lars Donath, 2019. "Can High-Intensity Functional Suspension Training over Eight Weeks Improve Resting Blood Pressure and Quality of Life in Young Adults? A Randomized Controlled Trial," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-13, December.
    3. Ismael Ballesta-García & Ignacio Martínez-González-Moro & Domingo J Ramos-Campo & María Carrasco-Poyatos, 2020. "High-Intensity Interval Circuit Training Versus Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Middle-Aged and Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-13, March.
    4. Yining Lu & Huw D. Wiltshire & Julien S. Baker & Qiaojun Wang, 2021. "The Effects of Running Compared with Functional High-Intensity Interval Training on Body Composition and Aerobic Fitness in Female University Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-14, October.
    5. Alessandro Liberati & Douglas G Altman & Jennifer Tetzlaff & Cynthia Mulrow & Peter C Gøtzsche & John P A Ioannidis & Mike Clarke & P J Devereaux & Jos Kleijnen & David Moher, 2009. "The PRISMA Statement for Reporting Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Studies That Evaluate Health Care Interventions: Explanation and Elaboration," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(7), pages 1-28, July.
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    1. Zhicheng Guo & Meng Li & Jianguang Cai & Weiqi Gong & Yin Liu & Ze Liu, 2023. "Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training vs. Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on Fat Loss and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in the Young and Middle-Aged a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(6), pages 1-21, March.

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