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Profiling Police Forces against Stress: Risk and Protective Factors for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Burnout in Police Officers

Author

Listed:
  • Royce Anders

    (EPSYLON Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, F34000 Montpellier, France
    EMC Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, University of Lyon 2, F69500 Bron, France)

  • Lauriane Willemin-Petignat

    (Faculty of Psychology, Unidistance Suisse, 3900 Brig, Switzerland)

  • Cornelia Rolli Salathé

    (Faculty of Psychology, Unidistance Suisse, 3900 Brig, Switzerland
    Occupational Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland)

  • Andrea C. Samson

    (Faculty of Psychology, Unidistance Suisse, 3900 Brig, Switzerland
    Institute of Special Education, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland)

  • Benjamin Putois

    (Faculty of Psychology, Unidistance Suisse, 3900 Brig, Switzerland
    Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM, CNRS, University of Lyon 1, F69675 Bron, France)

Abstract

Police officers are frequently exposed to highly stressful situations at work and have an increased risk to develop symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and burnout (BO). It is currently not well understood which officers are most at risk to develop these disorders. The aim of this study was to determine which coping strategies and personality traits could act as protective or risk factors in relation to PTSD and BO. The second aim, in the interest of designating preventive and therapeutical measures, was to determine whether certain profiles of police officers could be identified as high risk for developing mental disorders. Herein, 1073 French-speaking police officers in Switzerland reported in an online survey about their PTSD and BO symptoms, anxiety, depression, suicide ideation, coping strategies, occupational stress, and personality factors. The cluster analysis highlighted three principal profiles of police officers: those who are not at risk of developing pathologies because they are not exposed or insensitive to these stressors, and those who are, among which personality and coping strategies oriented the risk of developing PTSD or BO. These same protective and risk factors were also corroborated in the linear and logistic regression analyses. These results may suggest that a crucial opportunity for mitigating mental health issues in the force could consist of screening recruits for risk-related personality traits and orienting them towards psychological training programs for the development of functional coping strategies.

Suggested Citation

  • Royce Anders & Lauriane Willemin-Petignat & Cornelia Rolli Salathé & Andrea C. Samson & Benjamin Putois, 2022. "Profiling Police Forces against Stress: Risk and Protective Factors for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Burnout in Police Officers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-23, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:15:p:9218-:d:874006
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Viktor Soltes & Jozef Kubas & Andrej Velas & David Michalík, 2021. "Occupational Safety of Municipal Police Officers: Assessing the Vulnerability and Riskiness of Police Officers’ Work," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-19, May.
    2. Habersaat, Stephanie A. & Geiger, Ashley M. & Abdellaoui, Sid & Wolf, Jutta M., 2015. "Health in police officers: Role of risk factor clusters and police divisions," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 213-222.
    3. Cristina Civilotti & Giulia Di Fini & Daniela Acquadro Maran, 2021. "Trauma and Coping Strategies in Police Officers: A Quantitative-Qualitative Pilot Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(3), pages 1-13, January.
    4. Daniela Acquadro Maran & Nicola Magnavita & Sergio Garbarino, 2022. "Identifying Organizational Stressors That Could Be a Source of Discomfort in Police Officers: A Thematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-12, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Fernanda Dias Campos & Maria José Chambel & Sílvia Lopes, 2023. "Work Social Support and PTSD in Police Officers: The Mediating Role of Organizational Commitment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-17, December.
    2. Lauriane Willemin-Petignat & Royce Anders & Sabrina Ogi & Benjamin Putois, 2023. "Validation and Psychometric Properties of the German Operational and Organizational Police Stress Questionnaires," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(19), pages 1-12, September.

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